Three experiments describe the effects of imagery on learning a large and integrated body of information from a college lecture. It was hypothesized that high-imagery phrases would be more easily recalled and would promote recall of abstract verbal phrases in close temporal proximity to them. In experiment 1, 22 undergraduates attended a lecture…

Previous literature on children's visual pattern perception has suggested that preschool children may process hierarchical forms in a manner different from that of older children and adults. Data from some studies suggested that children are holistic processors of pattern information, while other studies characterized children as piecemeal…

Examined were the development of reading and reading-related abilities in 6 severely emotionally disturbed institutionalized boys 12- to 15-years-old who demonstrated unexpected rote reading abilities (4th- to 6th-grade levels) despite moderate to severe intellectual retardation. (CL)

Reports four experiments with preschool and elementary school children. The first study involved a localization task and the remaining three required the mental manipulation of spatial information. (Author/SDH)

This paper explores the preliminary results of an ongoing 3-year study of cognitive function and cognitive education among hearing-impaired persons (n=200) and considers these results in the context of previous studies. Cognitive task performance among the deaf was below average for the verbal and sequential skills associated with the left…

If people can evoke mental images when listening to a story, they can extend the process by turning words on a printed page into speech and evoke images for the "speech on the page." This is an exercise for reading comprehension that does not come naturally but can be worked on deliberately. A few moments of self-observation, when…

Intended for teachers and others interested in exploring and cultivating the processes of mental imagery, this annotated bibliography includes citations from scholarly journals, popular magazines, doctoral dissertations, works on learning disabilities, and how-to books. The following topics are included among the entries listed in the paper: (1)…

Two studies were conducted to train students to use imagery in their learning and to investigate whether such training would transfer to solving visual puzzles and verbal problems. In the first study, with 78 graduate students, 29 experimental-group subjects were given a lecture and slide presentation designed to teach about imagery. Both the…

A classroom activity to facilitate the process of forming images in the mind (seeing) while writing is described in detail. The activity, called the Where Exercise, consists of the instructor naming a series of locations and the students writing down three objects which they "see" in each of those locations. It is emphasized that the…

The influence of two sources of individual differences in acquiring knowledge from maps was studied: abilities and learning procedures. Twenty-five undergraduate students provided verbal protocols while attempting to learn two maps, and six effective learning procedures were identified: partitioning, imagery, memory-directed sampling, pattern…

The effectiveness of the use of self-reported imagery strategies on children's subsequent memory performance was studied, and the coding redundancy hypothesis that memory is facilitated by using an encoding procedure in both words and images was tested. The two levels of reported memory strategy (imagize, verbalize) were crossed with "think…

Three experiments were conducted to determine whether an instructional set for visual imagery would facilitate reading comprehension of elementary school children. In the first experiment, 38 fifth graders randomly assigned to experimental and control groups were given the Durrell-Sullivan Reading Capacity and Achievement tests after the…

Although the distinction between verbal ability and spatial ability is fundamental in all models of human abilities, differences in the relative strengths of verbal and spatial abilities have failed to show consistent interactions with instructional treatments. This study investigated the hypothesis that spatial tests measure different abilities…

Imaging is the process of creating mental pictures that can be scanned as people would scan a current event. It is a real, powerful personal process, which has been used in medicine, science, health care, sports, creativity, education, and other areas. On a day-to-day level, imaging can be used to engineer insights regarding self-concept,…