Examined differences in the verbal behavior of deep-elaborative versus shallow-reiterative learners who discussed personal problems. Verbal behavior of deep-elaborative subjects was rated as clearer, deeper, and more conclusion oriented and personal. There were no differences between groups on counseling satisfaction. (Author/BL)

The relationship between a self-report measure of assertive behavior in children and a role-play measure was examined in 69 elementary school children. Self-report of positive assertion related more closely to role-play measures and expert ratings of assertiveness than did self-report of negative assertion. (Author/LHW)

Poses and responds to ten questions of key significance for social work practice, drawing on the results of effectiveness outcome studies in the related fields of psychotherapy, marital therapy, family therapy, and behavioral therapy. Highlights the research that is beginning to establish which methods work. (Author/LLL)

Occupational theory research has been associated with low statistical power and a high rate of Type II errors. To increase power, a procedure involving the partitioning of the decision region into three sections, based on the decision-theory approach to significance testing, is proposed. (SK)

Demonstrates that there are important conceptual distinctions among the constructs of reticence, shyness, communication apprehension, and unwillingness to communicate. Argues that the failure to recognize the distinctions impedes research and precludes improved methods of identifying the problems and improving treatment. (PD)

Reported is a significant correlation between book carrying behavior and sex stereotype which appear to be a consequence of social modeling. Second grade and older males typically carry books at their sides while females carry books against their chests. Kindergarten and first grade students typically carry books by their sides. (SL)

Investigates the pattern of clients' precounseling expectancies, whether these differ for male and female clients, and the relationship between clients' expected content emphasis and the actual emphasis during counseling sessions. (Author)

Lends support to the idea that the nature of the communication topic may be significantly related to evidence effectiveness and perhaps to the process of attitude change employed by the receivers. (MH)

Reviews a study indicating that articulate deviates expressing themselves within the context of informal group discussions are capable of exerting considerable influence on the opinions of others. (MH)

The purpose of the present study was to determine if a difference in death anxiety exists between people who engage in a risk-taking activity and people who do not. Motorcycle riding was chosen as a risk-taking activity. A significantly lower Death Anxiety Scale score was obtained from the motorcycle group. (Author)

The basis of modern learning theory is questioned in view of Popper's philosophy and the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. (Editor)

A laboratory study analyzed differences in media violence when consequences of that violence to the victim are shown and not shown. (Author)

Understanding the concept of interaction is vital to understanding the relationships of dimensions of phenomena under study. Use of multivariate analysis of variance is described as a useful approach for discovering the extent to which events may be complexly interaffecting. (Author/AV)