Through research on personal perspectives of community workers, the author has identified a gap between theory and practice in the area of community work. She argues that ideology is the bridging mechanism through which one explains and redevelops practice and defines the nature of the process. (CH)

Investigated reactions of others to the surviving spouse of an individual who commits suicide. Results indicated (compared to those spouses of accident and leukemia victims) that the spouse of a suicide was viewed as being more to blame for the death, as having had a greater chance of preventing the death, and as being more ashamed of the death.…

University students and faculty rank-ordered four counseling center titles in terms of the likelihood that they would utilize services offered by the centers. Results indicated that the counseling center title was very important to students and faculty in determining their use of a counseling center. (Author/BL)

Examined computer-aided counseling, using a simulated computer-aided model of cognitive counseling and clients' perceived outcomes. Results indicated a group that received counseling using computers viewed their experience as less effective than did a group counseled personally; however, no differences were found on outcome measures. (Author/BL)

Examined the relationship of age and trust to perceived safety from crime among 891 rural residents from a statewide victim study. Trust was found to be a more important predictor of perceived safety than age, isolation, and income. Age had a direct, independent effect on perceived safety. (Author/NRB)

Research on the effects of visual perception and orientation difficulties on academic, communication, and social development of deaf children is reviewed. The need for incorporating methods for remediating learning disabilities into preservice training for teachers of the deaf is emphasized. (CL)

Standard scores of 233 gifted four to six year olds on the Geometric Design subtest of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence correlated significantly with standard scores on the Development Test of Visual Motor Integration (VMI), but the VMI yielded significantly lower scores than Geometric Design. (Author/CL)

Investigated relationships between mothers' perception of infants temperament at 6 months and their behavior toward their infants at 6 and 12 months of age among 40 firstborn Israeli infants. Temperamental intensity ratings were related to auditory stimulation and contingent positive vocalization for girls and to increased physical contact for…

Four groups of 18 adult listeners rated the tape-recorded cries of low- and high-risk infants on four Likert-type scale items. Results indicate that within-group methods of cry presentation accentuate the perceptual distance among cry types and may actually create many reliable differences that would not be found in between-group comparisons.…

K. Kavale responds to criticism of his earlier meta-analysis assessing the relationship between auditory perceptual skills and reading. R. Gersten and D. Carnine rejoin that the correlations Kavale found between auditory skills and reading achievement scores are of limited pragmatic use to the field. (CL)

Two experiments were conducted to (1) replicate the findings of habituation of behavioral responding to a tactile stimulus assuring state control and (2) demonstrate dishabituation either by reinstatement of responding to the original, habituated stimulus or to novel stimuli either within or between modalities. Subjects were newborn Caucasian…

A model for analysis of eight different consultant roles, ranging from "directive" to "nondirective" on a continuum, is presented. Defining the scope and focus of responsibility of a consultation, utilizing consulting resources, and a sample of a questionnaire on faculty advising are discussed. (MLW)

Findings indicate a main effect of age, anxiety, and cognition on the conception of animal and human death. Human death scores were higher than animal death scores. Anxiety had a stranger impact on cognitively high subjects than on cognitively low subjects. Cognition affected the animal death concept more than the human death concept. (Author/RH)

Used visual search technique on three adult age groups to assess adult age differences in visual information extraction. For all age groups, search for structural targets embedded in prose was faster than for phonemic or semantic targets. With targets embedded in prose, oldest group required more time to detect targets. (AL)

Addresses problem of patient noncompliance with regimens of prescribed medication, with attention to incidence and illogical nature of this behavior. Psychological theory of cognitive dissonance is suggested as appropriate to understanding some aspects of noncompliance because medicinal preparations represent stimuli that are not necessarily…