Researchers in second language (L2) and education domain use different statistical methods to assess their constructs of interest. Many L2 constructs emerge from elements/parts, i.e., the elements "define" and "form" the construct and not the other way around. These constructs are referred to as emergent variables (also called…

The aim of the study was to investigate English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students' perception of using Wordwall application in vocabulary memorization at a private university in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. This study also explores the strengths and weaknesses of Wordwall application. The mixed-method design was used in this study. The…

As a home literacy researcher, I firmly believe that richer literacy classroom communities are built and that students are more motivated to learn when the literacies in the classroom connect with the literacies valued within students' homes and communities. For these reasons, my case study was situated within the context of a family literacy…

The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of positive and negative emotions on students' motivated learning behavior (i.e., their intended effort) to learn English in the Hungarian context. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that we examined a number of positive and negative emotions and their effects on enjoyment as well as…

Some people believe that immersive virtual reality (VR) and, by extension, the metaverse, will become integral parts of daily life. There have also been suggestions that the metaverse could become a virtual world where language learners have alternate identities as second language (L2) speakers. Considering the potential implications of immersive…

Learning the host country's language(s) is a necessary step toward social and professional inclusion for migrants. However, it is often regarded as a challenging task that depends heavily on the sociocultural context in which migrants are situated. This study explores the Norwegian language learning strategies of highly educated Indonesians…

Previous research has indicated that explicit information (EI) about either the first language (L1) or second language (L2) along with task-essential practice can facilitate L2 learning (e.g., Fernández, 2008; McManus, 2022). However, little research has examined L1--L2 contrastive EI with L1/L2 practice. Targeting plural-marking accuracy, the…

In recent years, gamification has appeared to be an enjoyable and appealing instructional approach in educational settings. This paper reports the implementation and evaluation of gamified instruction to support learners of English as a foreign language in a linguistics course. Several gamification elements, such as experience points, badges,…

The current study examines the digital behaviors of 124 university students enrolled in a blended learning class in Korea. The students were divided into two groups (upper and lower) based on their scores on a self-regulated learning questionnaire. Their digital behaviors were compared across four areas: (a) task completion scores; (b) strategy…

Purpose: Statistical learning (SL) approaches to reading maintain that proficient reading requires assimilation of the rich statistical regularities in the writing system. Reading skills in developing first- and second-language readers in English have been shown to be predicted by individual differences in sensitivity to regularities in mappings…

As part of a larger project that investigates the issue of identities in Hong Kong, this study anchored on the sociocognitive paradigm in second language acquisition (SLA) explores the potential relationship between one's identity and perceived language accentedness. Our study set in Hong Kong (HK) aims to extend Gatbonton and colleagues' works…

This article examines Swedish civics teachers' perspectives on difficulties and opportunities that their second-language (L2) students encounter when reading textbook texts in civics. The study is based on individual semi-structured interviews with teachers in Grade 9. Civics teachers report uncertainty about identifying the source of difficulties…

Since the advent of computer-mediated communication (CMC) technologies, the landscape of education, especially in English Language Teaching and learning, has undergone significant transformations. Academic writing, a key skill in this context, has witnessed notable benefits from technological advancements, particularly in the contemporary era. One…

Language plays a crucial role in interpersonal communication, especially in social situations. To communicate effectively, learners need to expand their vocabulary, as vocabulary is the foundation for the four language skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Teaching English as a foreign language can be challenging, especially when it…

This study investigates the acquisition and maintenance of periphrastic and se-passives in second language (L2), heritage (HS), and (Spanish-dominant) native Spanish speakers (NS) by addressing: (i) How accessible are Spanish periphrastic passives (which also exist in English) and se-passives (unique to Spanish) for L2ers and HSs in production?…