A mental model is a concept that exists in students' minds and is used to describe and explain a phenomenon. This study aims to describe the transition-attempting mental model of students in understanding the concept of integers. This study uses a qualitative approach and the type of research conducted is descriptive. The subjects of this study…

This article presents a networking of two theories, the Extended Theory of Mathematical Connections (ETC) and the Onto-semiotic Approach (OSA). In particular, concordances and complementarities are identified in the respective conceptions of mathematical connections, as a result of applying these theoretical frameworks to a student's response…

Assessment of class participation (ACP) has been widely adopted in higher education because, presumably, it motivates students and facilitates active learning. Despite its popularity, evidence regarding how teachers perceive and implement ACP has remained largely anecdotal. This study explored teachers' perceptions and practices of ACP based on a…

The study aims at examining middle school mathematics teachers' conceptions of openended questions. A questionnaire consisting of open-ended items was applied to 40 mathematics teachers. The teachers were asked to define the open-ended question in general and the mathematical open-ended question in particular and provide examples to exemplify…

Although there has been intense criticism of NAPLAN in educational policy debates in Australia, little scholarly efforts have been made to understand the underlying cognitive mechanisms that contribute to the public narrative about the national testing program. We aim to provide tentative evidence about the way public perceptions about NAPLAN may…

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has gained increasing popularity in human society, and it is important to educate people about this emerging technology. Many countries have adopted school curricula to incorporate AI into their classrooms. However, developing tools for discovering AI concepts remains challenging. There are few studies on…

Self-regulated learning (SRL) has been linked to improved learning and corresponding learning outcomes. However, there is a need for more precise insights into how SRL during learning contributes to specific learning outcomes. We operationalised four learning outcomes that varied on two dimensions: structure/connectedness and level/deepness of…

Object-oriented programming distinguishes between instance attributes and methods and class attributes and methods, annotated by the "static" modifier. Novices encounter difficulty understanding the means and implications of "static" attributes and methods. The paper has two outcomes: (a) a detailed classification of aspects of…

Students in Manitoba have demonstrated a lower-than-average understanding of mathematics concepts. Two areas that contribute to this level of understanding are quality of instruction and math anxiety in students and teachers. Quality of instruction can be addressed through the intentional design of lessons around quality, deeper thinking tasks.…

Science education researchers have highlighted how uncertainty can foster meaningful scientific sense-making, supporting students to re-evaluate their understandings of scientific phenomena and pursue deeper causal accounts. However, facilitating whole-class conversations motivated by uncertainty is complex and challenging, calling for further…

The overwhelming presence of a procedural meaning of equality and equations reported in previous research has led to a call for suitable pedagogical interventions to nurture a relational meaning of these concepts. This paper is a response to that call. Drawing on the theory of objectification, the first part deals with the configuration of a Grade…

"Tedhak siten" is a Javanese traditional ceremony that marks the 8th month of the baby's age, marked by the baby's readiness to set foot on the ground. This tradition has a philosophical meaning with Javanese cultural values related to the concepts of calculating the ceremony time and the geometric shape of the ceremonial equipment used.…

This article explores how, in English classes in secondary schools, students can perfect moral concepts such as love, honesty, and happiness. As the philosopher and novelist Iris Murdoch explains, people can perfect, or refine, moral concepts by paying attention to reality and altering their concepts in line with what is real. For Murdoch, the…

This article reports on the development and piloting of a German version of a concept test to assess students' conceptual knowledge of density. The concept test was administered in paper-pencil format to 222 German secondary school students as a post-test after instruction in all relevant concepts of density. We provide a psychometric…

The basic design lesson is an introductory course that teaches students the fundamental principles of design, including elements such as form, space, scale, proportion, and composition. It is also an introduction to both concrete thinking and abstract one, which is rather about ideas and general thought. Abstraction is one of the steps ap- plied…