Aim: This study employed a three-wave random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) to investigate whether a reciprocal relationship exists between perceived peer relationships (intimacy and conflict) and achievement motivation in math and English in the Chinese context. Samples: A total of 4040 high school students were tracked with their…

Recent studies on argumentative writing prioritize linguistic and textual features over structural or content aspects, and students' development in argumentation skills has received little attention. This longitudinal study examined EFL students' development in argumentative writing, including the overall writing quality, argument structure, and…

This study evaluates the impact of a program leveraging large language models for virtual tutoring in secondary education in Nigeria. Using a randomized controlled trial, the program deployed Microsoft Copilot (powered by GPT-4) to support first-year senior secondary students in English language learning over six weeks. The intervention…

The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and challenges of using monolingual dictionaries among second-year technical students at the Technical Institute of Research in Basrah. The research employed a quasi-experimental design, and the required data was collected from 120 students who were categorized as upper intermediate learners based…

The increasing prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI) in education necessitates a deeper understanding of students' perceptions. This study investigates English major students' perceptions of AI-powered language learning applications at a private university in Thailand. The purpose is to explore students' attitudes, perceived benefits, and…

Today's trend of teaching has changed quite significantly. After conducting online teaching, innovations in teaching are mushrooming. One such innovation explored in this study is the use of a mobile application as a classroom intervention tool in a TOEFL preparation class. The objectives of this study were to investigate students' performance…

Computer-based peer review systems have received extensive attention due to their rapid development and broad application. Although studies have generally found strong assessment validity and positive learning effects, several have found negative reactions in students. More work is needed to understand the reasons for students' negative reactions…

This study investigates the nature of co-construction in roleplays conducted with human versus AI interlocutors for assessing interactional competence (IC) in L2 English. Seventy-five university students in Japan completed roleplay tasks with both human tutors and an AI agent. The AI agent is a multimodal dialog system integrated with a large…

Although the role of psychological needs in supporting language learning is well established, less is known about how these needs operate in different online learning modes. This study investigates how basic psychological needs satisfaction (i.e., autonomy, competence, and relatedness) is associated with students' willingness to communicate (WTC),…

Background/purpose: Accurate measurement is crucial for effective instructional methods. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a reliable and validated Vietnamese questionnaire to assess Vietnamese students' learning investment across different aspects. Materials/methods: This study adopted the English version of the questionnaire by…

With the intensification of globalisation and international exchange, intercultural communicative ability has become a focal point in English as a foreign language education in Chinese secondary schools. However, recent studies have indicated that the developmental construct of intercultural awareness is sometimes conflated with intercultural…

Language educators play a significant role in either challenging or perpetuating ideologies in the classroom, curriculum, and profession. Due to the historically persistent ideological positioning of Latinx/Hispanic and Spanish-speakers in the United States and the lack of professional preparation for educators working with these populations, this…

The current study examines the second language acquisition (SLA) of the voiceless interdental fricative /[theta]/ by nine female English-speaking learners of Spanish during a 7-week study abroad immersion experience in León, Spain. We examine the role that graphemic representation plays in this development over time. The data come from a reading…

While Extensive Reading (ER) has emerged as an effective approach to developing language skills, ER research has largely focused on its impact on language acquisition, rather than the socio-cultural content of the materials used and any effect of those on the reader. Considering that ER programs tend to expect learners to read large volumes of…

Digital technology has become essential for daily life, creating a complex challenge for adult migrants with limited or interrupted formal education who must simultaneously develop digital literacy, additional language, and basic literacy skills. This study examines how different groups of Students with Limited or Interrupted Formal Education…