The author describes the emergence of community psychology and the disturbing elitism and authoritarianism which are characteristic of it, as well as the maintenance of individual rather than social explanations for phenomena. Disappointed by the absence of radical approaches to community psychology, he traces his personal search for a new…

Although the program-planning-budgeting system (PPBS) has been used in higher education to improve planning, budgeting, and decision making, examination had not been conducted to determine if the technique was consistent with planning, budgeting, and decision-making "theory." This paper reports the findings of such a theoretical…

As a result of program weaknesses found in a 1967 study of the counselor education program at Michigan State University, a new model entitled "systematic counseling" was developed. It has now been used with over 700 trainees and 6,000 clients in supervised practicum settings. Briefly, systematic counseling represents an organized means of…

Experience has indicated that state-level direction and leadership can help the community junior college realize its objectives. With this in mind, the author discusses the nature and requirements of such cooperation. For example, the chief functions of a state director could include promoting the junior college program, providing leadership for…

Planning Programming Budgeting Systems involve the introduction of three major operational concepts. First, the development of an analytical capability to examine in depth both agency objectives and the various programs to meet these objectives. Second, the formation of a five-year planning and programming process combined with a sophisticated…

The data involved in a program-planned budget may be considered as being a two-dimensional array of numbers as opposed to a single column of numbers in the traditional budget accounting systems. Depending on the complexity of the organization, there may be more or fewer blanks in the two dimensional matrix. In the worst case, items can be squared,…

Cost-effectiveness is both a powerful and an often misused technique for analysis. In order to help the educational planner with his problems in achieving a more effective use of educational resources, this paper proposed a method of analysis which is called resource effectiveness. In order for a program to be evaluated properly, both the…

This report describes the basic objectives, assumptions, orientation and development of the Space Analysis Manuals Project. The main objective is to write and distribute a series of annuals describing methods and procedures for use by college and university personnel in planning and managing college and university facilities. One of the basic…

This document summarizes the report of an investigation (SP 004 171) which established the feasibility of developing and operating the Georgia model program for the preparation of elementary school teachers (ED 025 491). The three objectives are listed: to determine feasibility of the model in projected sustained operation, to develop a strategy…

This bulletin is a supplement of Chapter 7 of Volume 1 of the final report entitled "The Feasibility of the Georgia Educational Model for Teacher Preparation--Elementary" (Johnson and Shearron, 1970) (SP 004 171). The aforementioned chapter summarizes cost data in four categories: materials, equipment, key personnel, and supporting…

The primary objective of this program is to assist each of the participating Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education (WICHE) states in developing a long-range continuing education program for library personnel. The means for accomplishing this objective are: to develop an integrated program, utilizing a variety of educational methods,…

An attempt was made in this investigation (1) to survey the status of existing outdoor education programs for adults and (2) to work with a jury of experts to report elements of an effective outdoor education program for adults in the future. Participants included (1) the directors of 76 adult education centers in cities of 25,000 to 100,000 and…

The guide is intended to serve two purposes: (1) to provide information to agencies contemplating the establishment of a pre-employment training program, and (2) to assist administrative and instructional personnel responsible for such programs. Prior to publication, a tentative draft was circulated to directors of nursing in the 143 Michigan…

Reprinted from a doctoral dissertation on the history, theory, and scope of residential adult education in the United States, this essay suggests a number of values to be found in the residential method, together with certain trends, educational attitudes, and other forces that could affect participation in, and the growth and structure of,…

The Report of the President forms the major portion of the 1968-1969 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE TESTING PROGRAM. In his report, President Fred R. Harcleroad first comments on the 3 objectives of the American College Testing (ACT) Corporation, and then goes on to discuss 9 social trends presently affecting American higher education.…