"Direct evaluation," as a research concept, is based on the idea of "research as an intermediate technology," developed by Steven and Rachel Kaplan in "Cognition and Environment" (1982: Prager). A description of this evaluative technique and its major contributions to program justification, program evaluation, and…

Planning and organizational details of a citywide spelling bee for intermediate-level hearing impaired students are described. (CL)

Describes a DACUM (Developing a Curriculum) workshop held as a staff development activity for managers. The process is designed to help practitioners articulate their skills and job functions. (SK)

Four aspects in planning a therapeutic horsemanship program for handicapped individuals are considered: training instructors, obtaining the needed horses and equipment, identifying the participants, and implementing the program and developing a curriculum. An example of a horsemanship program begun in Kentucky is offered. (CL)

Project PATS (Potentially Academically Talented Students) intended for middle school students, is described in terms of development, cooperation among the district and a local Pennsylvania State University campus, and lessons learned about such aspects as the political and economic reality, material dissemination, and resistance of parents and…

Some specific guidelines and procedures for developing and implementing successful mainstreaming programs are provided. Factors discussed include: developing criteria for mainstreaming; preparing handicapped students; preparing nonhandicapped students; promoting communication among educators; evaluating student progress; and providing inservice…

Successful book fairs for hearing impaired students require planning, established procedures, and displaying books in a highly visible setting. Additional details to be considered include obtaining paperbacks for sale, publicizing the fair, encouraging student participation, and evaluating the fair. (CL)

A variety of approaches to planning leisure and recreational programs, services, and activities are described. (GW)

(1) Centralize organizational responsibility for affirmative action. (2) Conduct an organizational audit related to the Equal Employment Opportunity Act. (3) Implement affirmative action as an administrative responsibility. (Author)

This manual presents practical advice on planning and adopting an integrated pest management (IPM) program for Pennsylvania educational facilities. The manual covers how to implement a school IPM, school IPM operational information for the school administrator, and technical information for Pennsylvania schools concerning various pests found in…

This article was intended to show some of the links between Kohlberg's and McPhail's theories of moral education, one based his theories on the cognitive-developmental approach, the other on the social learning theory. As well, some comments on the Lifeline programme were offered. (Author/RK)

The new concept of Careers Day revolves around the cluster theory. Ten to fifteen people who represent differing careers within a specific area set up visual displays depicting some aspect of their occupation. Hence students can obtain information concerning related occupations at various educational levels. (KP)

Planning requires that decisions be made. Program evaluation provides the needed information because it is the process of gathering and analyzing those data necessary for appraising alternatives. Program evaluation is a cooperative undertaking of all those concerned with improving vocational education, and is the foundation upon which planning is…

Debates the question of a structured vs an unstructured community education program. Concludes that educators should adjust their sights and move away from a consuming concern with the modus operandi toward a greater concern with the modus vivendi of the people served. (Author/DN)

Article described the purpose of the Green Turnip Survival Systems learning programs. (Author/RK)