Researchers and policymakers have pointed to the lagging scores of eighth graders on international, national, and state assessments as evidence that students are not prepared to meet high academic standards and that middle grades reform is needed. In response to these concerns, educators have introduced reforms designed to provide middle-level…

At the heart of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) is the call for all students to be "proficient" in reading and mathematics by 2014. Yet the law expects each state to define proficiency as it sees fit and design its own tests. This study investigated three research questions related to this policy: (1) How consistent are various…

Abundant research chronicles the backgrounds and characteristics of community college students assigned to developmental reading. Many are members of underrepresented groups and first in their families to attend college. English may not be their primary language. Developmental students often struggle with learning disabilities. Nontraditional…

For this study, professors representing eight disciplines--science, mathematics, political science, music, literature, history, geography, and the visual arts--were asked first to review historical trends and current thinking in their disciplines and then to prepare papers about the ways in which the disciplines should be represented in the…

Written in response to requests from local school districts in New York State, this document provides information about the middle grades (grades 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9) and the changing nature of students in these grades. The first section reports results of studies on this difficult developmental period that were conducted by three New York school…

This volume consists of reports on the status and function of lower secondary comprehensive school systems in four countries with contrasting cultures and educational traditions: Denmark, France, the United Kingdom as represented by Scotland, and the United States as represented by Maryland and Minnesota. The volume begins with an analysis by…

The state superintendent, the county superintendent, and the one-room school teacher each contributed to classroom instruction in North Dakota. In 1895, the "School Text Book Law" provided for free text books and school supplies for all pupils; however, the law was not mandatory. Specific courses of study and elaborate handbooks on all…

A group of school administrators was appointed in 1963 to develop principles and guidelines for effective achievement of school integration. This document focuses on identifying problems of school desegregation, noting the methods being used, and indicating the necessary preconditions within public education for meeting the challenge. Contained…

The Air Force Vocational Interest-Career Examination (VOICE) was standardized on a sample of 12,000 10th, 11th, and 12th grade students, to calibrate the instrument with respect to the total Air Force applicant pool. Separate norms were developed for subsamples identified by school grade, sex, racial background, and geographic area. Major tasks…

Articles treating various aspects of the teaching of Hispanic culture at the secondary and junior high school levels are intended to improve methodology and facilitate the development of teacher-made instructional materials. An overview of the field relating problems and procedures in several areas is developed. Selections cover: (1) bilinguality,…

Seeking to determine the extent to which educational technology is represented in the field of language instruction, this study presents a three-part survey of historical developments and current practices in this area. Part One examines the development of programed instruction in the language field, while focusing on research and development at…

There are three types of schools for the Deaf included in this bulletin: (1) Those controlled and supported by the State; (2) Those controlled and financed by private organizations; and (3) Those operated as a part of the city public-school systems. This document provides an overview of Deaf Education through statistics and tables. The following…

This paper offers facts and figures on Utah's education status for 2008. This paper contains the following: (1) Core CRT Language Arts Testing, 2007; (2) Core CRT Mathematics Testing, 2007; (3) 2007 Public Education General Fund--Funding by Source and Expenditures by Function; (4) 2007-08 Public School Enrollment Demographics; (5) Public Schools…

The present Sri Lanka system of education and training (the school sector, the university sector, and the sector of vocational/technical education and training) has many weaknesses. In response to this situation, the Government of Sri Lanka appointed three committees to study and report on general education, technical education, and national…

Because courts have required that selection tests be job-related, this study was undertaken to provide a practical means of performing a job analysis of teaching. Several court decisions are discussed, including Griggs v. Duke Power Company and Chance v. Board of Examiners, with respect to both Fourteenth Amendment and statutory issues. In the…