Chapter One of this manual includes a definition of "disadvantagement," and discussion of implications for manpower requirements, distribution of the disadvantaged, employment conditions and outlook, early environment, predominant acquired characteristics, and response to training. Chapter Two discusses concepts of motivation, including drives,…

To compare secondary school principals' and counselors' perceptions of apprentices with apprentices' perceptions of themselves in selected psychological, educational, and socioeconomic areas, questionnaires were sent to 192 principals and counselors in 50 Colorado high schools and to 200 apprentices in the Denver area during their related training…

The analysis of correspondence training by service personnel and veterans was based upon and prepared from the file of veterans and service personnel who trained in correspondence schools under chapter 34 (GI bill) during June 1966 through December 1974. The overall results showed that (1) during this period, a total of 5.3 million persons had…

A personnel training and development system should be based on organizational development and organizational roles of the personnel being developed, states the author in presenting steps in a leadership training program. Engaging trainees and their supervisors in systematic data gathering will better indicate training needs. (MF)

Presents results of the first national survey of on-campus clinical training in 216 counselor education programs. Study was undertaken to develop baseline data as a foundation for future research and program development regarding on-campus laboratories in which clinical training is provided. Discusses implications for counselor preparation. (RJM)

Investigated empirical studies in clinical supervision published from 1981 through 1993 to assess scientific rigor and test whether the quality of methodology had improved since the review by Russell, Crimmings, and Lent (1984). Data revealed a shift to realistic field studies, unchecked Type I and Type II error rates, medium effect sizes, and…

Discusses supervisory efficacy in training psychotherapists as it relates to trainees' attitudes, beliefs, and skills; trainee's performance in the therapist role; interactional process events in supervision and psychotherapy; and client change. Addresses research gaps on the relation of therapist performance and client change to supervision and…

Investigated the extent to which individual differences in attachment may be related to clients' perception of the working alliance. Working alliance ratings were collected from participants (n=60) immediately after their third counseling session. Found a significant association between the depend dimension of attachment and client working…

Discussion of technology transfer planning in both developed and developing nations focuses on the selection of a cadre, i.e., a group of trainees who will then train others. Topics discussed include goals and objectives; change strategies; strategic plans; and cadre selection, including experience, education, communication skills, and interest in…

Women-only vocational courses in technology, which became popular across Western Europe during the 1980s, had fallen from fashion by 2000. Yet the need for such courses remains, at least in certain circumstances. Drawing on case studies of two women-only courses in information and communications technology (ICT), from the Netherlands and Scotland,…

Key Stage 2/3 trainees undertake their second school placement in secondary schools having completed a placement in a primary school in the first year of their training. While trainees will have been prepared at their higher education institution, the experience itself can be daunting for reasons other than the fact that this is their first…

Apprenticeship is the main avenue to self-employment in micro-enterprises and thus a cornerstone of informal sector development in West Africa. Survey results for Ibadan, Lome, Dakar, Niamey, and other cities demonstrate that apprenticeship as practiced by informal sector artisans is often very similar from one country to the next. Dropout rates…

Steps to alleviate the problems in achieving successful technical and cross-cultural training for United States Peace Corps volunteers are discussed. Historically, training was conducted at American universities or centers in Puerto Rico, Hawaii, or the Virgin Islands, but by the mid-1970s, in response to criticism that this provided inadequate…

Trainees in the Consortium Training Program included residents in psychiatry, pediatrics, and internal medicine; medical students; interns in psychology; and graduate students in social work and nursing. Training involved supervised direct patient contacts in an interdisciplinary setting and weekly half-day seminars (consisting of 90-minute…

Research using Social Security data to measure the effects of government manpower training programs on the earnings of participants is discussed. Previous studies employed a longitudinal set of Social Security summary earnings records of over 50,000 individuals who participated in Manpower Development and Training Act (MDTA) institutional training…