Various learning difficulties are encountered by nontraditional students. Many are the result of problems in encoding (learning) of data, as well as retrieval of that information when needed. A review of literature showed that nontraditional students can learn, although it may take extra effort on their part to regain their skills in cognitive…

The principles of andragogy, as explained by M. S. Knowles, in contrast to pedagogy, provide a frame of reference for a differentiated approach to inservice teacher education. Adults are self-directing and ready to learn when they experience a need to know or do something, are life-, task-, or problem-centered, are motivated by both internal and…

In almost all its aspects, radiologic technology education is adult education. Boyle's (1981) adult learning model has four components: (1) the learner in terms of motivation; (2) learning as a change process; (3) the experiential role of education; and (4) the facilitative role of the educator. Andragogy, as defined by Knowles (1977, 1980), is a…

This report focuses on and suggests ways of using instructional technology to provide better education/training delivery systems, especially the use of interactive videodiscs. The first chapter discusses the need for technology-based training; describes the computer interface components, functions, and characteristics of interactive videodisc…

This paper contains a concise summary of the theory and practice of competency-based education, especially as it applies to adult education. The paper first defines competency-based education (CBE) and details the assumptions on which CBE is based. It then lists the critical components for effective CBE and cites the advantages of using a…

Older, nontraditional students are appearing with increasing frequency in conventional basic communication classes, and the unique learning needs of this group present a challenge to instructors, who must take into consideration the following: (1) the challenge of the learning process itself, (2) basic problems or concerns of the adult within the…

A discussion of second language education looks at the background of language education, compares perspectives offered by pedagogy and andragogy, and examines texts and syllabi used in high school, undergraduate, graduate, and training curricula. The history of language instruction in the United States is chronicled from the early 1950s, noting…

Intended for adult educators, this book is a comprehensive overview and synthesis of what is known about adult learning. Part 1 describes the context of learning. Chapters 1-4 describe the following: the sociocultural context; the range of settings and ways they influence learners and the learning process; literature on who participates in formal…

"Andragogy," a term European adult educators have been using as a parallel to pedagogy, is defined as the art and science of helping adults learn. Learners, as characterized in the andragogical model, are self-directed; enter educational programs with a great diversity of experience; become ready to learn when they experience a need to…

The subject of the paper is andragogy. In social work education (as in all education), complex issues emerge regarding the nature of learning and teaching. One pervasive and persisting issue is the relation between subject matter, i.e., what is to be taught, and teaching methodology, i.e., how it is to be taught. The paper discusses and…

The role of the superintendent has changed dramatically, from community leader to school manager to education leader to scapegoat, and it is anyone's guess where the job is headed. What is clear, however, is that today's educational climate calls for a new way of doing business. With the formal powers of their position stripped away by bargaining…

This annotated bibliography contains 14 citations of books, papers, and videotapes that pertain to learner outcomes in adult education. The following are cited: "Understanding and Facilitating Adult Learning" (S. Brookfield); "Self-Direction for Lifelong Learning" (P. Candy); "Helping Adults Learn Workshop" (A. Chickering); "Adults as Learners"…

Whole language, a theory of language instruction that was developed primarily in terms of helping children learn to read, has now been extended to middle- and secondary-school levels. Andragogy, the learning of adults, is a specific theory of adult education, conceived in contradistinction to pedagogy, the teaching of children. When these two…

As Mississippi approaches the 21st century and an increasingly more competitive business climate, the state should be prepared to develop its most precious business asset--its work force. According to 1990 data, Mississippi contributes only 8.5 percent of funding for adult education (the remaining 91.5 percent comes from federal sources) to serve…

There are 900 million illiterate people in the world. Because of reflective insights and creative research during the last two decades, the literacy process is no longer conceived as a training process that concentrates exclusively on implanting specific mechanical skills. It is now recognized as an educational process, as an unfolding of human…