Every country has a system of social protection to help people when risks, contingencies, and needs arise. In each society this system is organized in three sections: a public sector, a personal sector, and a mixed sector. Each society combines these sectors in different ways. Here, the firm's social policy within the broader context of social…

This report describes efforts to test a model of leadership effectiveness that centers on "macro variables" and "discretionary leadership." Macro variables were represented by the complexity of the environment, context, and structure of a unit. Discretionary leadership was defined as influence over and above that typically…

The nature of tenure rights is examined with reference to a number of court cases. It is observed that the trend to negotiate tenure will probably continue, and the prediction is made that the principle of exclusivity will apply to collective bargaining in higher education, thus limiting individual faculty contracts. (JT)

Examines the role of the National Education Association (NEA) as employer and the agreements NEA has made with the two unions representing its employees. (IRT)

When does an institution share the copyright and ownership of materials produced by an affiliated individual or group? This article briefly reviews the legal decisions pertinent to this question and describes the method used at Harper College (Illinois) to develop policies on copyright and ownership of college-developed materials. (DC)

A 1974 strike by teachers in Littleton, Colorado, is described to illustrate the possibility of labor disputes in States without a law governing public employee collective bargaining. (JG)

A study of the impact of collective bargaining on students at 30 community college campuses in Michigan found that faculty and administrative respondents tended to disagree on many issues, with faculty usually advocating collective bargaining as beneficial to students and administrators maintaining the opposite position. (DC)

A study investigated the conversational forms leaders employ, exploring the relationship between leaders' conversations and symbolic outcomes. It was hypothesized (1) that effective conversations by leaders would be characterized by coordinated management episodes, positive spirals, perfunctory rituals, and value expressive rituals, whereas…

This document reviews early "scope" litigation between Oregon teachers and school districts that set the underpinnings for the more recent decisions by the Employment Relations Board (ERB). These early cases worked in a dialectic fashion to bring Oregon scope of bargaining to the point it is today. As a result of the evolutionary…

The recent decline in the labor force participation rates of older Americans is well known and well documented. Dramatic changes in male participation rates occurred between 1968 and 1986. Declines were substantial as early as age 55 and as late as age 70. The trends for older women were much less dramatic. In 1988, nearly half of employed men and…

A multitude of public policy issues currently surround the tax treatment of employee benefits, particularly since the tax-favored status of employer contributions to pensions and health insurance has been blamed for a shrinking tax base that has exacerbated the federal budget deficit, an inefficient and bloated health-care sector, overinsurance by…

The 16th annual bibliography contains 923 citations concerning collective bargaining and other employment and labor relations issues for faculty at institutions of higher education and other professionals. The new category, "AIDS in the Workplace" has been added this year while the topics of contracts and contract issues, elections, non-faculty,…

This annotated bibliography lists a wide variety of print materials that may be helpful to small business owners in acquiring the knowledge necessary to manage their businesses. The bibliography is arranged in chapters by main functional topics. In each chapter, subcategories of interest are then listed, and entries are arranged alphabetically…

A study was conducted to examine how the implementation of new technology in the newsroom has affected job satisfaction, whether demographic characteristics of employees have an effect, or whether employees in certain classifications of jobs are more satisfied with this technology than others. Pagination was chosen as the technology to study…

This report contains four papers presented at conferences jointly sponsored by trade unionists and members of the academic community. As explained in the introduction by Michael E. Gordon, the papers focus on grievance procedures, examining both recent research on the topic and its implications for organized labor. The following papers are…