Women have been markedly underrepresented in science and engineering in the United States. Statistical reports have documented this underrepresentation which persists despite the fact that women and minorities are an increasingly important source of talent for maintaining world leadership in these areas. This document reports on a workshop…

Academic advisors want to use all available data in helping a student select a major field of study. Recent research suggests that the identification of a student's basic philosophic viewpoint is one such piece of data that is not presently used. This study examined a random sample of college students (N=347) in order to determine the relationship…

Designed as one means of drawing attention to the need for quality scientific and technical education for today's youth, this booklet examines recent trends in education and demography and discusses their implication in producing scientists and engineers for the future. Information is presented on: (1) the need for a scientific and technical…

This paper presents an overview of Florence Nightingale's statistical background and accomplishments; discusses Victorian statistics, Nightingale's education and statistical contributions; and concludes with implications for professors and students of educational research. Florence Nightingale (1820-1910), the first woman elected as a fellow of…

The employment status of 1984-1985 degree recipients in physics and astronomy was surveyed. Information is presented on changes in occupational status of physics and astronomy degree recipients between summer of 1984 and the following winter. The characteristics of graduates of both fields who were employed full-time or undertaking postdoctoral…

Articles on discrimination against women scholars and information on change strategies and resource groups are presented. The status and self-expressed needs of women scholars, as revealed in a recent survey of over 1,000 San Francisco Bay respondents, are considered in an article entitled "Status and Needs of Women Scholars" (Mary L. Spencer and…

The position of science and technology (S&T) in a society changes through time and from one society to another. In developing countries, many young people would like to opt for a career in S&T, while many rich, highly-developed countries notice declining recruitment of students to science and technology studies. In this article, the…

Congress, as part of the Fiscal Year 1981 National Science Foundation Authorization Act (Public Law 96-516), called for the Director of the National Science Foundation to transmit to the Congress and certain Federal agencies a biennial statistical report on the participation of women and minorities in science and engineering employment and…

Information is presented on the composition of the 1979 membership of the American Institute of Physics (AIP). Questionnaires were administered to members of the nine independent societies of the AIP to determine demographic and employment information. Background characteristics of the membership include the following: more than half identify…

Academic employment and graduate enrollment trends of women scientists/engineers in eight scientific fields were studied, and the dynamics of their occupational choice and career stability were assessed. The eight fields were engineering, physical sciences, environmental sciences, medical sciences, psychology, and social sciences. The principal…

The author discusses some reasons for constraints that society places on science. Restraints on scientific inquiry and research are imposed when a scientific pursuit comes into conflict with widely held social values or when the pursuit is questioned in terms of "good science." These restraints reflect different views of the role of free inquiry…

This report summarizes the data about minority group scientists and engineers obtained as part of a national survey of scientific and engineering personnel in 1972. Information pertaining to minority group college students enrolled in engineering is also discussed briefly. Data presented on overall distribution patterns indicate that persons of…

Two questions arise in regard to the computer-based humanities reference services: (1) What knowledge, abilities, and attitudes should the information specialist or librarian in the university library have in order to aid users in fully exploiting the innovative humanities information handling processes? (2) To what extent do users in the…

Reports that overall employment reversed a two-year decline begun in 1984. States that employment of scientists and engineers increased although chemicals were modestly produced. Relates a steady rise in wages for chemical workers. Tables include industrial employment; employment of scientists and engineers; chemical employment; wages; and…

The seven seminar papers in this issue discuss the role of information science in various public and private organizations; the development and current status of information science as a professional field; and the use of advanced information technologies and information systems. Session chairmen's remarks and four question sessions are included.…