Nigeria and Kenya have pressed the development of scientific capacities within their nations. The challenges to which the first generation of scientists responded are being displaced by the need to consolidate advancements and justify investment in science and higher education. Thus, scientists are or will be scrutinized in this context.…

Described are the effects of government intervention in Uruguay's universities, particularly on science teaching and research institutions. Effects include not only dismissal of science teachers and researchers, but also the disappearance of several prominent scientists. The results of these actions include lowered scientific productivity and loss…

Discusses Lick Observatory's (University of California) early graduate students and graduate program in astronomy. The history of the Lick Observatory and famous astronomy professors and astronomers associated with the Lick Observatory are also discussed. (DS)

Offers some guidelines for the management of technical professional personnel (scientists, researchers, engineers), emphasizing that these people have different philosophical approaches to their work and identify with their professional orientations rather than with the organization. Research and development management should provide for their…

Analyzes the contribution of the early departments of education in England and Wales to the development of educational psychology. Examines syllabi, textbooks, primary sources, and previous research to investigate the contributions of important pioneers in these departments. Concludes with a comment on the methodology of the research. (MJP)

Discusses the writings of Homer W. Smith, a physiologist who wrote novels, histories of religion, textbooks, and a book on the kidney for the general reader. Smith's writing skills remind students that biologists are as multidimensional as the rest of the population. Smith shows that all parts of life are interrelated as they enrich and shed light…

The Internet gives library professionals access to job opportunities that are not readily accessible in print. Employers can advertise at minimal cost and reach a broad, technically adept audience. This article lists Internet job resource sites and listservs for library and information professionals, providing Uniform Resource Locators (URLs),…

The primary aim of the training information specialists (TRAIN-ISS) program at the University of Sheffield's Department of Information Studies was to train information service specialists from the less favored regions of the European Union. Describes the course design; selection of participants; student assessment, support, and placement; program…

Use of selective dissemination of information (SDI) by 156 research scientists at 6 corporate research and development facilities was surveyed to assess its relationship to research productivity as measured by the number of papers authored. Findings showed that 70 percent of the scientists use SDI, and regular users are more productive than either…

Investigated was the effect of the Scientist in Residence Program to inspire elementary school children with their personal enthusiasm for science. Describes changes in the students' image of scientists using the Draw-a-Scientist Test before and after the program. Discusses the results of written responses and feedback from scientists. (YP)

Discusses a survey sent to 10,000 members by Sigma Xi, the scientific honor society, on the topics of scientific, political, and social issues. Finds most U.S. scientists disagree with the nation's science funding policy, find their careers fulfilling, and mirror the U.S. public's social and political views. (MVL)

Presents an argument defending the cognitive knowledge base in the social sciences. Contends that the findings related to the sociosphere are as important as those findings in the technosphere or biosphere. Suggests that the creation of a social science equivalency to research and development which would be called operationalizing and assembly.…

Describes a dilemma between scientific research and the supporting budget. Discusses the budget proposal for fiscal year 1989, criteria for priorities, and government organization for science and technology budgeting. Suggests an active role for setting priorities across scientific fields. (YP)

Suggests that the overall educational experience of science aspirants has an indirect and latent role in preparing future types of researchers. Discusses arguments concerning the relationship between cognitive inclinations and educational experience, and how problem-solver and problem-identifier type students respond to educational dilemmas. (YP)

Maintains that it is widely accepted among both public and academic historians that history museums have become more pluralistic institutions in the last two decades. Reports on a two-year ethnographic study on the training and work of museum interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg. (CFR)