Changes in homelessness since the 1950s and 1960s involve increasing numbers of homeless persons, striking differences in their composition, and marked deterioration in their condition. Beyond similarly high levels of mental illness and substance abuse, the new homeless are younger, poorer, often shelterless, and include more minorities, women,…

Draws upon the treatment of the foreign-language press to offer a critique of the received historical reality of the American press and the perpetuation of an ideological position that discounted or eliminated the "foreign" element in the formation of an American press history. (MS)

After 3-5 years in Canada, respondents to a study of 45 Southeast Asians aged 14-23 experienced some ongoing language barriers, low socioeconomic status, and friendship patterns that favored their own ethnic group. Adaptations included learning English, becoming familiar with the environment, and finding friends. Difficulties were encountered with…

Investigated causes for rise in female age of marriage in Sri Lanka, studying 10,964 persons from 1,974 households. Found that rise in marriage age was not primarily a response to social pressure for fertility decline, but rather a result of urbanization, higher levels of education, unemployment, and consequent decline in parentally arranged early…

Used data from the 1975-76 Jamaica Fertility Study to examine relationship between fertility and the following transitions in sexual relationship: (1) from visiting to common-law; (2) from visiting to marriage; and (3) from visiting to termination of partnership. Results indicated that childbirth reduced the probability of all three transitions.…

Describes a research project designed to examine the social origins, demographic characteristics, and labor market experiences of U.S. teachers from 1860 to 1940 using U.S. census data. Stresses that data which is national in scope and covers a lengthy time period helps generalization. (KO)

Studies four distinct groups based on language and nativity within the Mexican-descent population in the U.S. Reports significant differences among groups on (1) demographics; (2) self-labeling in the family and among others of Mexican descent; and (3) perceptions of how others label them. (TES)

Illustrates how a Malian adult literacy project linked to economic development activities was shaped by village realities: prior emergence of a literate ideology in the village, villagers' entrepreneurial aspirations and beliefs about literacy's consequences, and class organization paralleling traditional male age-associations. Contains 12…

Analyzed National Survey of Black Americans data (N=2,107) to determine extent and structural correlates of marriage, romantic involvements, and preference for romantic involvement. Found marriage among Blacks dependent on male economic readiness and "traditionality"; fewer marital options for economically disadvantaged males, older…

Examines rural social trends and implications of current information age for rural development. Predicts rising number of small-scale service organizations, benefiting rural areas. Examines other factors tempering optimism that rural areas can benefit from information age. Recommends investment in rural human capital, information structures, and…

Describes efforts by U.S. employers to support employee child care. Topics include on-site centers, the consortium center, information and referral, family day care, seminars, nontraditional work schedules, the purchasing of slots in programs, the voucher system, sick child care, subsidies for child care, and flexible benefits. (RJC)

This survey focused on 185 Israeli Bedouin elementary school teachers, assessing their job satisfaction, perception of organizational climate, and interaction. The effect of climate on satisfaction was examined in two separate regression models, based respectively on the task and human relations aspects of satisfaction. Climate factors were…

To help Native American students succeed in school, educators must pay attention to the sociocultural context in which learning takes place. By following several simple precepts, teachers of culturally and linguistically diverse students can enhance language learning. (Author/TE)

Applies a theoretical framework that encompasses cultural and social regulation of mother-child speech to observations of discourse between three mothers and their two-year-olds. Maternal speech was semantically contingent in the sense that both partners in the conversation were jointly focused on a shared topic of concern. (Author/CB)

Medical students (N=341) completed questionnaire on drug, alcohol, and tobacco use, and involvement in sensation-seeking sports and activities. Results indicated minimal tobacco use, moderately low drug use, and extensive alcohol use. Increased alcohol use was strongly correlated with heavy drinking patterns in parents and male students while…