Sex role development is discussed, beginning with processes through which children adopt sexual identity and related behaviors. The growth of androgyny (measured by the Bem Sex Role Inventory) in adult males and females is documented, and changes in the sex role behavior of men and women over 50 are described. (PP)

If one is to work as a health worker (counselor, educator, nurse, physician) in a cross-cultural setting, it is important to know about others, about oneself, and about various health beliefs. School health services personnel should develop educational approaches that take socioeconomic and cultural differences into account. (CJ)

Diverse cultural influences affecting the attitudes of Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Laotian refugees toward health services and school systems in the United States are described. The role of school health personnel in helping refugee children adjust to their new environment is discussed. (CJ)

Sociology of sport research has focused on describing sports and sports participants. Future research should study: (1) structural diversity of sports programs and their implications for behavior; (2) participation of males and females throughout the life cycle; and (3) links between sports and other social institutions. (PP)

Work values and attitudes are important in understanding an individual's career choice. The historical development of the concept of work, cross-cultural perspectives on work, and development of work values are discussed in light of recent research on sex and socioeconomic class differences. (JN)

Discusses points of similarity between aesthetic education and liberal arts education and then examines why public opinion toward liberal arts education has changed since the 1950s. Factors which might lead to the renewed appreciation for the liberal arts and, therefore, aesthetic education, are examined. (AM)

Most Appalachians are similar to mainstream America--White, Anglo-Saxon, and Protestant. However, the similarity has created an invisibility which has resulted in Appalachians being one of the most neglected of minority groups. Appalachians differ markedly from the mainstream in values and history. (JN)

Four surveys carried out in 1952, 1968-69, 1974, and 1979 among male students at Dartmouth College and the University of Michigan charted value shifts in six different areas. Findings indicated a return of political and fiscal conservatism coupled with increasing demands of freedom in life-style choices. (AM)

An ecological perspective on social work practice underscores the need for a dual or holistic focus on people and environments. Concepts and principles regarding the dynamic environment are developing in organizational theory, social network theory, environmental psychology, and social work and can be applied to social work education. (MSE)

Current political issues arising from interactions between culturally divergent groups and ideals are based on complex value systems. The following themes illustrate the conflict between the function of schools and the role of government: (1) conservatism; (2) current conditions; (3) the current political scene, (4) issues concerning schooling;…

Surveys the legal status of English in Israel before and since the country became independent, attitudes toward the language, its use in schools and by the media, the influence of English on Hebrew, the kinds of English used, and related topics. Since 1948, English has played an increasingly greater role. (Author/PJM)

Educators interested in community education have a perspective similar to that of modern anthropologists. Therefore, anthropologists should work with educators in the reorganization of institutions involved in education and socialization. (Author/EB)

Reviews and assesses selected topics within the field of urban sociology in the United States. Topics addressed are the growth of large cities, expansion of urban populations and industry, residential segregation by race/ethnicity, emergence of a societywide and multidimensional system of cities, and the recent growth of nonmetropolitan countries…

Drawing from literature on differences between the Mexican American experience and that of other groups, offers a model to explain the higher rates of inhalant abuse among Mexican American youth. Considers cultural, ecological, structural, and economic factors. (Author/GC)

Differences across gender and culture lines provided support for the existence of biases in gender-role training that may differ among cultures. The fact that some children make cross-sex choices suggests that socialization practices do not influence all children uniformly. (Author)