The report summarizes the results of a number of studies which have been performed in an attempt to develop a technology for using human resources data as criteria in engineering design studies. Eight investigations conducted during the period 1966-1975 are briefly described. The results of the eight studies are integrated around six topics of:…

This manual outlines the rationale for using the Criterion Referenced Test (CRT) approach and suggests specific guidelines for test developers to use in constructing test items. Methods for assessing the adequacy of a CRT are also provided. (Author/RC)

The report describes a project to identify the teaching competencies necessary for vocational teachers of Ohio's special needs students. Project activities and accomplishments are reported according to the three phases of the project. The first phase involved the identification of 112 teacher competencies, and the information in this section…

This paper is a description of a college-level instructional program put into operation in the face of the obvious need for individualization of foreign language instruction. The program represents a compromise solution between the limitations presented by institutions and students on the one hand, and the need for greater flexibility on the…

In the first experiment, the development of the ability to copy alphabet letters by black males aged 3-9 (middle and low S.E.S.) was studied, using a newly-developed scoring system. In the second experiment, kindergarteners learned to associate letter names with six lower-case printed letters by the anticipation method. The addition of an…

School counselors face identity crises since they must respond to the conflicting demands of students, faculty members, administrators, commercial and industrial interests, parents, and the local community. In order to defend themselves against public criticism, counselors must find a way of illustrating their effectiveness. Data obtained from an…

This paper presents a study which related teachers expectations of student achievement after two weeks of classroom contact to several possible sources: student classroom performance, prior school performance, parental involvement, and student status characteristics. Their temporal order and relative influence are examined via a path model and…

In response to a request from concerned Indian members of the community of Roseglen, North Dakota, an evaluation team visited White Shield School (an elementary/secondary school of 303 students, 50 percent Indian) on May 13-17, 1974 to survey: identification and classification of goals, objectives, and purposes; distinguishing between perceptions…

One of the many criticisms leveled at standardized testing is that the time limits commonly used require a speed component of performance which may act to the disadvantaged of certain culturally defined groups. Recent studies by the authors examined the question of differential time limits and group performance for standardized academic aptitude…

This three-chapter document concerns the problem of finding competent individuals to teach in the community. Chapter 1 describes an Education Professions Development Act (EPDA) project involving lay citizens, professional teachers, students, and educational authorities gathered together to pinpoint the necessities for competent teacher…

An experiment tested the assumption that differences in learning to learn (LTL) are to a large extent explained by differences in what groups of different socioeconomic status (SES) have learned about ways to learn a task. A 6-problem concept attainment task not dependent on verbalization was used. Subjects were 108 elementary school Caucasian…

The Yale Summer High School (YSHS) is an experimental program addressed to the development of high-potential, underachieving students from disadvantaged backgrounds. To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of the intervention, an experimental design including random selection of samples, two control groups (one matched for a test of…

Activities (28 Work Units and six other research efforts) performed by the Human Resources Research Organization for the Department of the Army for Fiscal Year 1970 have been grouped by six major areas: individual training and performance; unit training and performance; training for leadership, command, and control; language and area training;…

An evaluation was made of the capabilities and utilization of Group 4 personnel aboard an operational navy vessel (U.S.S. Catskill MCS-1). Assessments were made of a Group 4 sample and a comparison non-Group 4 sample in terms of aptitudes and experience, training achievement, and preliminary shipboard performance. The results indicate that the…

This research report is concerned with paraprofessional training, in Minneapolis, Minnesota, for poverty adults. The following questions represent the objectives and purposes of the research effort: enrollees' mobility orientations, and how these orientations have changed; how the role sets of enrollees influence their effectiveness in social…