A scale assessing teacher beliefs concerning the responsibility for student academic success was developed and validated. The results show a striking difference in male/female teacher responses. Female teachers consistently assumed greater responsibility for the learning outcomes of their students. (JN)

School crime may be a product of the organizational structure of the school. The negative, stigmatizing labeling of students contributes to school crime and produces poor (deviant) career decisions. Attempts to increase success rate of individual students must recognize the school's value systems and the origins of its stereotypes. (Author/GPM)

Explores motivation as a requisite to the educational goal of maximum development of all children's intellectual potential. Considers (1) causal attributions of success and failure and (2) attribution for task choice and involvement, in relation to, respectively, (1) inequality and (2) equality of optimum motivation in schools. (Author/GC)

Argues that child socialization is directed toward the development of instrumental competencies related to imperatives that vary across cultures. Criticizes the use of White middle-class standards in developmental research and proposes a cultural ecological model which studies competence in the context of the cultural imperatives of a given…

The Juvenile Unemployment Center (JUC) scheme was intended as a palliative to the temporary unemployment of young people as the British economy reverted to peace-time levels after World War I. This article examines the thinking behind the JUC scheme and the reasons for its limited success. (Author/SJL)

The result of court litigation on the expulsion of a medical student is questioned, and a modified version of the traditional due process test is recommended. The test would be for "substantial deprivation of a significant interest." Available from State University of Iowa, College of Law, Iowa City, IA 52240. (MSE)

Identifies personal-social factors women perceive as being those that prevent them from entering occupations usually held by men. Factors included conceptions of male-dominated work environments, self-concept, stereotyped views held by family, attitudes of friends, security in traditional jobs, fear of failure, and money training. (CT)

Recent court cases are cited that indicate courts are now beginning to require that students be informed of academic (including clinical) deficiencies and be provided the opportunity to correct the problem. When the dismissal is for disciplinary rather than academic reasons, more procedural due process is required. (Author/MLW)

This paper examines the evidence on negative effects associated with Irish immersion programs and concludes that even in earlier immersion schools, which frequently lacked parental support, there is little evidence of detrimental academic effects. Many Irish immersion teachers emphasized the importance of parental commitment to immersion…

The Supreme Court ruled in Board of Curators vs Horowitz that no process is due when a student is dismissed for academic reasons. The distinction between academic and disciplinary reasons may not be clear and may not minimize governmental intrusion into educational decisions. (BH)

When children experience stress and their spirit is broken, counsellors may be called upon to share with the child alone. This will always be a need, but more effective and far-reaching approaches demand that counsellors reach children through significant adults. (Author)

A study examined the self-determination knowledge of incarcerated students with (n=20) and without (n=25) disabilities. A relationship was found between self-determination knowledge and gender, reading level, math level, and disability. Students who were male, had a disability, and/or had low academic abilities in math and/or reading had lower…

Describes cooperative program between a university counseling service and the dean's office of the College of Architecture and Design. Discusses 10-week seminar for students identified as on probation from previous semester, focusing on program emphasis on involvement, personal issues, peer influence, problem solving, behavior change, and skill…

Reports longitudinal findings from a study of 20 children who had attended prekindergarten 17 years before. The study was designed to discern the relationship of learning experiences to later life events of students and parents. Qualitative analysis showed differences in student achievement after prekindergarten years. Both parents and students…

The ontogeny of school failure (SF) was studied by examining characteristics of 112 first graders, 63 of whom were considered at risk for SF. Measures of achievement, intelligence, behavior, language, and learning potential were used with cluster analysis. Development of SF was a more complex phenomenon than unitary factors suggested. (SLD)