The increasing use of educational tests to establish the accountability, credibility, and viability of educational programs is paralleled with increasing criticism of the "accountability through testing" philosophy. To analyze the relevancy and appropriateness of tests for educational decision making at the school district level, three…

This handbook was prepared to guide teachers who are concerned about dealing with the mainstreaming of students classified as disabled. Based on the experiences of Learning Unlimited, an alternative education program at North Central High School in Indianapolis, Indiana, the handbook emphasizes that individualized outcomes for students can be…

The symposium here reported was conducted to expose educational administrators to recent research that may help schools become more productive. Prefatory material includes biographical information on the presenters, the agenda, and an introduction that emphasizes the importance of considering school culture when applying research findings.…

The objective of this study is to examine factors influencing student achievement in Greece at the end of secondary schooling with special emphasis on the national examination, based on which selection in higher education is determined. The identification of these factors and their hierarchical contribution to achievement is investigated in a…

University admissions for professional degree programmes has become very competitive in many countries in the world. While students have to score high aggregate of marks at the university entrance examinations, other criteria may also have to be met. As a result, additional private coaching outside the normal high school system is being sought by…

This paper reports on a study conducted to clarify issues involving reward effects in children's probability learning; specifically, the detrimental-effects-of-reward theory, and the utility and expectancy theories. Five event schedules in which the probabilistic versus partial reinforcement dimension was separated from the number of choices in…

In a study to assess young children's social interaction with peers, six male toddlers who were the only participants in a playgroup were observed in two situations: (1) a GROUP situation in which at least four of the boys were present and (2) a DYAD situation in which only two boys were present. Both types of observations were made at 16, 19, and…

Designed for integration into existing school curriculum, this is the fourth in a series of five career education curriculum kits for teachers of grades K-3. Each kit pertains to one of five specified career education program goals. The goal for this curriculum kit is, "Develop skills in decision-making, communicating, and creating as related to…

This handbook and the accompanying workbook grew out of a series of workshops on superintendent appraisal designed to find a way to clarify and strengthen the board-superintendent relationship and to enable boards to constructively evaluate superintendent performance. The guidelines are intended to acquaint board members and superintendents with…

In three immediately succeeding trials, 45 young adults named 50 pictures of objects as rapidly as possible; word retrieval latencies were measured for each item. Before each trial, one experimental group was given information as to the word frequency (WF) level of the items' names. The other experimental group was given information as to the…

Problems in the use of pupil achievement measures for evaluating teachers, schools or systems are reviewed, with the conclusion that they are disabling. The following reasons are cited: (1) What the pupil brings to the classroom in terms of ability, previous knowledge, home and peer influence, motivation, and other influences is clearly very…

There is no conclusive evidence as yet that television has provided sufficient cause for the decline in scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Test and other measures of academic achievement or aptitude, although it may be one of several elements in a complex causal system. The major studies show that television viewing, after the early school years,…

A gross injustice is an act perpetrated on students by a college instructor which is unfair, unjust, inconsiderate, or inequitable. A series of discussions with undergraduate students at a medium-sized midwestern university revealed the existence of 23 discrete injustices. Interviews were held with 229 students to determine the frequency,…

This study examined the effectiveness of an intervention program for culturally deprived preschoolers living in a rural area. The subjects, 29 children between the ages of 3 years 10 months and 5 years 3 months, were administered a kindergarten readiness test and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test at the beginning of the school year and again at…

This module, one of ten competency based modules developed for vocational home economics teachers, is based on a job cluster in the catering industry. It is designed for use with a variety of levels of learners (secondary, postsecondary, adult) in both school and non-school educational settings. Focusing on two levels of employment, food caterer…