The changes which occurred in man's view of the solar system from the time of Ptolemy to that of Galileo are presented. Contained is a brief review of the chain of events which resulted in the acceptance of a heliocentric system. Ptolomy's theory is described and a diagram illustrates the paths of the epicycle of Mars according to his geocentric…

Scientists and science writers are often thought to be at odds about the goals and strategies of communicating scientific information to the public. However, a value judgment underlies the "raison d' etre" for scientific communications and links the diffusion of information about science with an ensuing public trust for science. Scientists and…

Reported are the findings of a study of scientific societies in the United States. Some 449 professional organizations were considered of which 284 conformed to the validation criteria for inclusion. Data gathering was most successful on membership, current dues, society history, and purpose and less successful on topics related to society income…

This publication details a national survey done by Louis Harris and Associates, similar to one done in 1975, to assess attitudes toward nuclear power in the United States. The survey consisted of three parts. The first part was in-person, door-to-door interviews with 1,597 randomly selected households nationwide. The second part was 309…

The integration of Information Science into the library school at the University of Western Ontario was the theme of a talk delivered to ASIS in October 1976 and AALS in January 1977. Two problems arise in the pursuit of integration: (1) information exists in both book form and in some other form; e.g., machine readable form, and (2) theory and…

The primary purpose of the study was to develop and apply a methodology for estimating the need for scientists and engineers by specialty in energy and energy-related industries. The projections methodology was based on the Case 1 estimates by the National Petroleum Council of the results of "maximum efforts" to develop domestic fuel sources by…

The supply of scientists and engineers should be viewed not only in terms of quantity, but also in terms of quality and preparation. Forecasts have proven inaccurate in the past so that industry must assure an adequate quantity of students entering the science and engineering fields by the promise of employment. The quality of the professionals…

Forty-five textbooks of biology, chemistry, and physics (new and traditional curricula) were analyzed for the extent to which they devoted words to scientists. Each scientist named in each text was identified, and word counts were established for the total words devoted to each scientist and the number of these words which were humanistic by the…

The purposes of this study were to extend the investigation concerning the limitations of quantitative data, explore the need for and use of qualitative data, and to evaluate two chemistry courses (CHEM Study and Modern Chemistry, 2nd edition). In his research, the investigator conducted a partial evaluation of these two courses and assessed the…

Patterns for humanizing the information sciences include recognizing essential "humanness," taking a holistic approach to the subject field, and being aware of the epistemological nature of how people communicate and relate to others and themselves. The complete inclusion of the human factor in information theory researches can only amplify the…

Nine processes of scientific research, (identified from reports of curriculum projects, the philosophy of science literature, and the opinions of science educators), were used to classify 50 strategies that scientists might follow in research. Fifty percent of a stratified random sample of 100 American researchers from each of the physical,…

The primary purpose of the study was to develop a supply/demand ratio for nuclear degree scientists and engineers from July 1969 through 1973. The need by private industry and electric utilities for scientists and engineers with degrees in disciplines other than nuclear science or engineering, as well as for technicians, nuclear reactor operators,…

Based on information furnished by 227 doctorate-granting institutions in their applications for NSF traineeships, graduate enrollment in the sciences and engineering declined slightly between 1969 and 1970. The 1969-70 decrease and the declining trend in the rate of growth during 1967-69 contrast markedly with the nine percent annual rate of…

This report constitutes a basic data source on the organizational relations, activities, and attitudes of scientists and research managers in a variety of contexts throughout the United States. The data were obtained from a national survey of scientists and research managers in four disciplines--biology, chemistry, mathematics, and physics--using…

Based on a survey of the characteristics of unemployed aerospace workers, this is the first of two reports developed to suggest alternate job opportunities in government agencies for unemployed aerospace engineers and scientists. Included in the brief summaries of 70 government job titles are general, basic qualifications and the government agency…