Considers nature and origin of science and changes taking place today; also considers women's position in relation to the past development of science and their present position within the sciences. Outlines the most important features of the women's liberation movement which can present a challenge to science as an institution. (BR)

Employment in nuclear- and nuclear energy-related activities in 1981 was examined and compared to that in previous years. Survey instruments were returned by 784 establishments. Total 1981 nuclear-related employment was estimated to be 249,500--a growth of 22,600 (10%) workers over the 1977 total. Government-owned, contractor-operated (GOCO)…

Based upon the findings of a National Science Foundation (NSF) survey of 1980 Industrial Research and Development, this report presents highlights and summaries of statistical data for: (1) total research and development (R&D) funds for 1980; (2) R&D by source of funds; (3) R&D funds as a percent of net sales; (4) energy-related…

Presented is a descriptive account of Alessandro Volta's first notable success in 1775, the invention of a unique method of generating electricity. Luigi Galvani's announcement of his theory of "animal electricity" in 1972 is integrated into this interpretation of Volta's discoveries with electricity. Five experiments are described: (1)…

The connection between the major research universities and the federal government in furthering advanced learning of high quality was reassessed during a series of meetings of the presidents of 15 major universities. It is argued that one of the decisive elements in the quality of a society is the level it is able to reach and sustain in the…

Highlights of the findings of a 1980 National Science Foundation supported survey of full-time faculty in the 156 doctorate-granting institutions with the largest Federal research and development funding in the fiscal year 1977 are reported. The role of recent doctorates, faculty with tenure, research activities, and faculty turnover are discussed…

Highlights of "Research and Development in Industry, 1979" are presented in this report, including summaries on total research and development (R&D) funds, federal and industrial funds, funding for applied and basic R&D, energy R&D, and R&D scientists and engineers. (SK)

A sample of 103 government scientists was evaluated by panels of peers in regard to personnel action such as promotion. Analysis of information used by the panels and other data external to the process showed that peer ratings could be predicted accurately using only four variables: number of publications, honors and awards received, special…

This publication by the National Science Foundation (NSF) is a compilation of pertinent statistical information on the education and training of scientists and engineers in the United States primarily during the period of 1950-1960. This publication is divided into three parts: (1) human resources data; (2) data that deal with the institutional…

This document provides references to a variety of published biographical information on men and women of science. Both historical and contemporary scientists are covered, with emphasis on American scientists. Sources were selected on the basis of general availability through major public and institutional library systems. Sections include: (1)…

The data presented in these tabulations are based on the 1976 National Science Foundation survey of scientific and engineering personnel employed at universities and colleges. The data are contained in 60 statistical tables organized under the following broad headings: trends; type of institution; field, employment status, control, educational…

Two papers are presented in this newsletter: one on the political activity of scientists following World War II as a result of the Manhattan Project, and one on the political activity of scientists today. These papers are followed by two commentaries which compare the two papers. Also included in this issue are news items, a calendar of events, a…

This paper examines the profession of information brokerage through a look at types of services provided, and through a discussion of major issues, including that of fee for service. The types of information broker and free-lance librarian services are identified: (1) non-profit reference and research services administered by public libraries and…

Scientists have no difficulty defining their disciplines by subject matter and methodology, but humanists, however much they agree on the subject matter of the humanities, have no consensus about methodology. In the twentieth century truce resulting from the assumption that there can be no coexistence between the two, scientists and humanists are…