This study examined factors that may place adolescents at risk for psychological dysfunction and school failure. Subjects were 70 adolescents who were admitted to a psychiatric hospital from September 1986 to March 1988. Demographic, academic performance, familial, and psychological data were retroactively gathered from patient files, tabulated…

Learned helplessness is a variable which has commonly been considered in research on sex-related differences in mathematics achievement. In this study, learned helplessness has been defined in terms of a debilitating or facilitating response resulting from failure on mathematical word problems. The construct has been called Performance Following…

Individuals may be stigmatized (discredited) if their attributes make them less than what is expected for the social categories into which they are placed. A tentative typology of situations can be developed, based on their potential for producing the stigmatization of old age. In daily situations that do not demand excessive physical or mental…

A study was conducted to investigate the relationships among sex, attribution, and selection of communication strategy in an instructional setting. The attributions and communication strategies selected by students following failing performances were examined. In addition, two sex variables were investigated--the sex of the subject and the sex of…

Analyzing Moynihan's findings, author argues that it is impossible, methodologically speaking, for Moynihan to draw valid and useful conclusions relative to the issues he raised from the data he presents in his report. (Author/RJ)

It is necessary to evaluate what went wrong with federal efforts to ease the manpower shortage so progress can be made toward establishing new vocational and literacy training programs to meet the workers' and the industries' needs in the era of technological revolution. (AG)

Before reading teachers can be held accountable, batteries of diagnostic tests measuring the whole range of language characteristics must be developed and incorporated into school programs. (JH)

In order to understand the need for affirmative action, legal history should be examined in order to determine if laws passed and practiced throughout history have accomplished their purpose. The legal history of the desegregation of the public schools in America indicates that equality of educational opportunity for all children has been a lie…

Asserts that a disproportionate number of Black administrators hired in the latter part of the Sixties and early Seventies are experiencing numerous problems and are highly frustrated in their efforts to perform their duties in a creditable fashion, and argues that the very nature of their jobs is responsible for this. (Author/JM)

A study examined factors related to the high failure rate of architectural students at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee on an essay writing task designed to show proficiency in writing before gaining junior standing. Students become eligible to write the essay by getting a score of 65 or better on the Wisconsin English Placement Test (WEPT)…

Frustration has been primarily investigated in relation to aggressive behaviors, but may elicit other behaviors depending on the responses available to the individual. To test the effects of task frustration and task success on subsequent group behavior, college women (N=80) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: task success, task…

Three explanations for post-stress performance decrement were investigated--learned helplessness, passive uncontrollability, and distrust. A group of male and female undergraduates at Carthage College (N=112) were exposed to one of four stress treatment conditions: escapable noise (EN), inescapable noise (IN), noise experienced with no expectation…

The effects of the actor-observer relationship (friendship or stranger) were tested to determine the attribution of responsibility for success or failure in a prisoner's dilemma game (PDG). Male subjects (N=80) participated, four subjects per experimental session. Two subjects competed in a non-zero sum, mixed-motive PDG while being observed by…