Questionnaire surveys were completed by 1,717 West German students between the ages of 13 and 16. Data support hypotheses that psychosomatic symptom frequency is reinforced when adolescents experience failure in school and social and emotional conflict in their relationships with parents. Multivariate analysis showed these effects to be…

Reviews the legal concept of "failure to train to standard" from the context of law enforcement. Responsibility for training is discussed, case examples and examples of monetary judgments are given, and recommendations for preventing and limiting liability for failure to train to standard are presented. (16 references) (LRW)

This article describes the formation of a small independent British school by parents of students temporarily informally excluded from school because of unhappiness, special need, or personal insecurity. Although the school closed after one year, it did provide respite for children attending it until they were able to go back to mainstream…

Explored student and classroom factors that place children at risk for referral to special education. One teacher-nominated at-risk student and one teacher-nominated not-at-risk student were observed in each of 24 regular primary education classrooms. Results indicated significant differences between at-risk students and their peers on academic…

Reports on the development and construct validation of two measures of high-risk sexual behavior for heterosexual adolescents. It was hypothesized that specific risky sexual behaviors would be interrelated, and that the cluster of high-risk sexual behaviors would be correlated with measures of other adolescent problem behaviors. Results provide…

Discusses a study at Florida State University concerning the failure level of college physics students who previously graduated from a Florida community college compared with students who had not attended a community college. Suggests reasons for the failure level. (MVL)

Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) were administered in counterbalanced order to 35 referred students. Although K-BIT intelligence quotient (IQ) Composite correlated significantly with WISC-R Full Scale IQ scores, mean scores differed significantly. Results provide moderate support…

Discusses six factors (failure to teach prerequisite skills, faulty study skills, inappropriate homework, material that is too abstract, failure to deal with failure, and ignoring behavior modification principles) that keep children from being actively involved in useful learning. Discusses what teachers, parents, and students can do. (SR)

Explored open-ended attributions for success and failure of relatively younger and older men in social and academic situations using between-subjects design. Findings from 109 college students showed that respondents were more likely to make attributions that combined age with other attributional categories than attributions solely to target's…

Describes nature of adventure in spiritual, emotional, and intellectual terms. Examines roles of risk, pain, failure, success, and public recognition in adventure. Emphasizes rewards of excitement, fun, exhilaration, and self-discovery accompanying adventure. Uses numerous quotes about adventure from authors and literary figures. (TES)

Discusses the use of colored plastic overlays and tinted lens filters to benefit at-risk readers who have the visual perceptual problem known as Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome. (MG)

Comparison of the histories of 59 mothers of children (mean age 13 months) referred for nonorganic failure to thrive (NOFTT) and 131 mothers of children with normal growth found a surprising 80% of NOFTT mothers reported they were victims of abuse as children. The need for treatment of the mother-child dyad is stressed. (Author/DB)

Explored farm families' attitudes and beliefs about success and failure, locus of responsibility for need, beliefs on predictability and causes of need, attitudes about deservingness and priorities of groups in need, and degrees of acceptability for seeking help. Findings from 42 households with 44 farm families highlighted influence of 1980s farm…

Discusses the aims of education and definitions of student success and failure in the United Kingdom, proposing a model of student success and failure; identifying different criteria for measuring success and failure (e.g., academic attainment, student progress, student behavior, and student attitudes); tracing the legislative basis of educational…

A measure of children's attributions (effort, external, ability) for success and failure outcomes in the school domain was developed and administered to 237 fourth and fifth graders. Moderate to good psychometric properties were obtained. Social outcomes attributed to ability and effort were significantly related to self-concept and social…