To compare various cognitive treatment approaches for ameliorating difficulties of hyperactive children on tasks requiring sustained vigilance and accuracy, 48 hyperactive boys (mean age 9 years 4 months) were randomly assigned to one of four training conditions: inhibitory control training, attention training, combined training, or control. The…

The interest in developmental sequences and learning hierarchies is growing. One approach to the study of such sequences is to gather data on several variables, each of which corresponds to a stage, step, or phase in the sequence and to examine the associations between the variables as displayed in a contingency table. If the variables are…

Children's acquisition of developmental milestones is examined within the framework of a developmental-interactive system. Piaget's stages of cognitive development are reviewed and developmental aspects of language acquisition including inner language and expressive language are discussed. (JMB)

THIS STUDY DEALT WITH THE CONCEPT OF DEDUCTIVE LOGIC AND ITS USE BY ADOLESCENTS, AGES 10-18. TWO EMPIRICAL QUESTIONS OF CONCERN IN THIS STUDY WERE (1) THAT OF READINESS FOR MASTERY OF LOGIC AND (2) THAT OF THE NATURAL-CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF MASTERY OF LOGIC. TWO DEDUCTION TESTS WERE DEVELOPED, ONE FOR EACH OF THE TYPES OF LOGIC TREATED. THEY WERE…

This study investigated the ability of the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS), in combination with neonatal histories and developmental assessments, to predict mental and motor performance of 9-month-old infants on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID). Fourteen normal, full-term infants and 10 average-for-gestational-age,…

This study provides evidence of sex-typed behavior in the spontaneous play of infants between 9 1/2 and 15 1/2 months. Eight boys and eight girls at 9 1/2, 11 1/2, 13 1/2, and 15 1/2 months were observed during 15 minutes of free play with a variety of realistic toys equally divided into male, female, and neutral categories. Stereotypical,…

BY POINTING UP SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BRAINS AND COMPUTERS, WE PRESENT CYBERNETIC CONCEPTS WHICH MAY PROVE RELEVANT TO THE MENTAL HEALTH WORKER IN HIS INVESTIGATION OF MENTAL PROCESSES. WE FOCUS ESPECIALLY ON THE MENTAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILD, AND USE AS TENTATIVE ILLUSTRATIONS THE PROBLEM AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF INFANTILE AUTISM AND…

This paper outlines research designed to establish dietary correlates of malnutrition, and questions the common assumption that high protein foods should be used as dietary supplements in humans. Because thorough investigation of dietary needs in children is ethically unfeasible, squirrel monkeys were used in the research to study the biological…

The problem investigated was the relationship between cognitive category width and certain other cognitive and perceptual variables, with the intent of gaining additional insight into the effect which individual differences in cognitive conceptualization exert on certain other behaviors. Cognitive category width, defined as the score obtained on…

Sixty children of varied socioeconomic backgrounds who ranged in age from first through eighth grade were shown photographs of workers in different occupations, asked to rate jobs according to prestige and to give reasons for their rankings. These reasons were then analyzed for level of cognitive functioning manifested. Reasons were seen as…

To analyze the relationship of logical development and comprehension of syntax, 60 children aged 5-8 years were individually tested. Measures included class inclusion, conservation of substance and weight, a sorting test, and a test of comprehension of active and passive sentences. Class inclusion was not strongly related to syntactical…

The researcher believed that the value of library service could best be measured by its ability to contribute to psychological development via quality reading. Questionnaires were administered to 34 college students, ranging from freshmen to graduate students. The students were tested to determine each individual's level of psychological…

RESEARCH FINDINGS RELATED TO RIGIDITY IN CHILDREN'S PROBLEM-SOLVING ACTIVITIES ARE REVIEWED. EINSTELLUNG RIGIDITY WHICH AFFECTS CHILDREN'S PERFORMANCE IN PROBLEM SOLVING IS CAUSED BY THE MATERIALS AND THE SEQUENCE OF EVENTS INVOLVED IN PROBLEM SITUATIONS. FUNCTIONAL FIXATION OCCURS WHEN CHILDREN ARE UNABLE TO USE OBJECTS FOR PROCESSES IN THE…

This study examined the resistance to conservation of quantity extinction in 180 subjects across the life span. The results indicated that both resistance judgments and explanations were found to develop in a curvilinear fashion, increasing with age until young adulthood and declining thereafter. (JMB)