THE YURAK LANGUAGE, THE MOST IMPORTANT OF THE SAMOYED LANGUAGE GROUP, IS SPOKEN BY ABOUT 25,000 YURAKS IN AN AREA WHICH EXTENDS FROM ARKHANGEL TO THE YENISEY RIVER IN NORTHWESTERN SIBERIA. THIS CHRESTOMATHY PRESENTS A GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO THE LANGUAGE AND ITS MAIN DIALECTS. PART ONE, DESCRIPTIVE GRAMMAR, IS PREFACED BY AN EXPLANATION OF THE…

THIS IS A REPRINT OF A BOOK PUBLISHED IN 1864. IT IS INTENDED AS A REFERENCE GRAMMAR FOR STUDENTS OF HAWAIIAN AND FOR THOSE INTERESTED IN THE COMPARATIVE GRAMMAR OF THE POLYNESIAN LANGUAGES. IT FOLLOWS THE PATTERN OF THE TRADITIONAL GRAMMARS OF THE TIME, BUT THE AUTHOR WAS AWARE OF THE DANGER OF IMPOSING ON HAWAIIAN THE CATEGORIES OF EUROPEAN…

EIGHT HUNDRED AND NINE BOOKS AND ARTICLES PUBLISHED BETWEEN 1885 AND 1967 ARE LISTED IN THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR STUDENTS OF APPLIED GERMAN LINGUISTICS AT THE GRADUATE AND UNDERGRADUATE LEVELS AND TEACHERS OF GERMAN IN HIGH SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. THOUGH EMPHASIS IS ON APPLIED LINGUISTICS, SOME PUBLICATIONS ON LINGUISTIC THEORY ARE INCLUDED. THE MAJOR…

TWO OF THE MAJOR GRAMMATICAL PROBLEMS MUCH STUDIED BY MANDARIN GRAMMARIANS IN THE PAST DECADE ARE THE EXISTENCE OF PARTS OF SPEECH AND THE CONTROVERSY OVER THE IDENTIFICATION OF SUBJECT AND OBJECT IN SENTENCES. THE GOAL OF THIS STUDY IS TO DEAL WITH A VARIETY OF PROBLEMS IN CONNECTION WITH THE NOTIONS OF SUBJECT AND OBJECT IN MANDARIN CHINESE…

THIS DETAILED, LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS DOES NOT CONTRAST ENGLISH AND QUECHUA PHONOLOGY AND GRAMMAR BUT RATHER ATTEMPTS TO DESCRIBE THE DISTRIBUTIONAL AND SEMANTIC CATEGORIES PARTICULAR TO CUZCO QUECHUA IN A THOROUGH AND SCIENTIFIC MANNER. IT CAN BE USED IN THE FIELD TO IDENTIFY UNFAMILIAR UTTERANCES OR TO HELP UNDERSTAND HOW NATIVE SPEAKERS…

THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY IS TO DESCRIBE THE MAIN STRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF COCHABAMBA QUECHUA. IT IS INTENDED TO SERVE AS A REFERENCE BOOK FOR LINGUISTS AND THOSE LEARNING THIS DIALECT. THE INTRODUCTION DISCUSSES THE STUDY'S PURPOSE, INFORMANTS, METHODS, TERMINOLOGY, AND NOTATION. THE AUTHORS THEN EXAMINE IN SEPARATE CHAPTERS PHONOLOGY,…

This review of research into the acquisition of grammatical coordination (i.e., the use of conjunctions) pulls together both English language and cross-linguistic data. Although the importance of pragmatic factors in language acquisition is not denied, the data make it clear that grammatical factors seem to play a significant role in the…

In Black English (BE), in addition to the motion verb "come," there exists a modal-like "come" which expresses speaker indignation. This "come" is comparable to other modal-like forms, identical to motion verbs, which occur in Black and non-Black varieties of English, and which signal various degrees of disapproval.…

The principal claim of this paper is that the Japanese passive consists of two different constructions, each derived from a distinct deep structure and each having associated with it a distinct set of syntactic and semantic properties. One of these constructions, the "adversative passive," implies that the grammatical subject of the…

This high-school students' handbook on linguistics and the English language is the second of a two-volume series (see AL 001 318). This revised edition does not follow the order of table of contents in Volume I, but consists of the following units--(1) pronunciation and spelling, (2) syntax, (3) punctuation and suprasegmentals, and (4) meaning and…

This paper reports a portion of a research effort to develop a program which will simulate the language learning behavior of humans. Here presented is a heuristic parsing procedure which accepts natural language sentences and produces for each a form of analysis called a "labeled dependency tree." The formal grammar on which the…

There are various types of dictionaries, depending on the goals for which a dictionary is compiled. The main intention of a bilingual dictionary is to indicate the semantic equivalence of the lexical items of two languages. Bilingual dictionaries are used primarily for two purposes: a speaker of the target language uses the dictionary in order to…

The purpose of this monograph is to provide a basic discussion of the general nature of syntactic complexity. The monograph describes how the rules of language produce syntax and raises some questions about reading difficulty. The contents include: "Arrangement," which discusses 12 basic sentence types, noun determiners, verb expansions, negative…

Semantic and syntactical features of storybooks in the Southwest Regional Laboratory (SWRL) Reading Program are reviewed and analyzed. To make the scripts match children's oral language as closely as possible within other program constraints and to avoid potential semantic difficulties, the following changes are recommended: (1) the introduction…

The primary purpose of this study was to determine if training in syntactic structures would increase reading performance of junior high school students. A total of 46 students in a predominately white middle class suburban school district who were reading at least two years below grade placement were divided into two groups: 24 students were…