Receptive vocabulary development was examined in 313 children (151 girls; 78% White) as a function of infant attention and maternal education (66% of mothers held a college degree or higher). Attention was measured at 10 months using a dynamic puppet task and receptive vocabulary was measured at 3-, 4-, 6-, and 9 years of age using the Peabody…

Age-related developments in sleep during the preschool years are normative and consequential. Yet, very few studies have examined the antecedents of individual differences in such developments, and most have used parental reports of child sleep. This study aimed to investigate the roles of mutual responsiveness in mother-child interactions and…

The study had the objectives to 1) study student teachers' anxiety during field experiences in the beginning of the new normal on 7 aspects: 1) own personality, 2) teaching context, 3)supervision context, 3) classroom management, 4) subject content, 5) teacher professionalism context, and 6) COVID-19 pandemic context, and 2) compare the levels of…

Although putting on a mask over our nose and mouth is a simple but powerful way to protect ourselves and others during a pandemic, face masks may interfere with how we perceive and recognize one another, and hence, may have far-reaching impacts on communication and social interactions. To date, it remains relatively unknown the extent to which…

The substantive aims of education include equitable learning, which stands for equitable gender access to preferred learning and choice within. These substantive aims can be furthered by pursuing certified vocational courses that equalize the presence of males and females in the job market through competitive skill sets. Design education in India…

How do we decide whether a statement is literally true? Here, we contrast participants' eventual evaluations of a speaker's meaning with the real-time processes of comprehension. We record participants' eye movements as they respond to potentially misleading instructions to click on one of two objects which might be concealing treasure ("the…

In India, changes in legislation and policy have increased the number of students with disabilities enrolled in higher education. The purpose of this study was to investigate university teachers' perceptions towards inclusion of students with disability public and private universities in India. The study examined how age, gender, educational…

The study examined storytelling prosody (i.e., prosodic variations in retelling a story) and the relation with oral language in Taiwanese preschool children. One hundred and twenty-eight preschool children aged 4 and 5 were recruited and given the following tasks: nonverbal intelligence, vocabulary, syntax, and storytelling prosody. Children's…

Across diverse cultural contexts, children and adults believe in the existence of religious and supernatural unobservables (e.g., gods, angels) as well as scientific and natural unobservables (e.g., germs, oxygen). In this article, we explore the role of cultural input and testimony in children's developing beliefs in supernatural and natural…

Background: In many countries, educational opportunities and choices may differ according to factors related to location. This may have a significant impact on young people's life chances and trajectories. The in-depth, ethnographic study reported here focuses attention on rural/non-rural variations in transition programmes for school students…

Purpose: This paper aims to determine whether teacher's gender factor and school type factor influence level of readiness of teachers in implementing STEM education. Method: An ex post facto research design study was conducted in 99 schools from Johor Bahru district involving 690 primary school teachers (134 males, 556 females). The random…

This article examines representations of gender in teacher drawings by pre-service elementary educators enrolled in a literacy methods course in the southeast United States. A total of 55 pre-service teachers completed 110 drawings with brief narratives or 55 sets. Drawings were analyzed via visual discourse analysis and narratives were analyzed…

The advent of COVID-19 highlighted widespread misconceptions regarding people's accuracy in interpreting quantitative health information. How do people judge whether they accurately answered health-related math problems? Which individual differences predict these item-by-item metacognitive monitoring judgments? How does a brief intervention…

This essay explores the cultural expectations and border crossing experiences of two African immigrant families. We trace the cultural assumptions related to child-rearing and schooling that the parents brought with them from their home countries. In uncovering parents' conceptions of the U.S. system of schooling, we hope to highlight implications…

Problem solving is an important cognitive skill that children use to plan and navigate various developmental and social tasks. Although previous research was theory-grounded and systematic, to our knowledge, no research has observed and documented children's problem solving as a primary objective in naturalistic developmental contexts, such as…