Urges that novelty-preference research be placed in a broader context encompassing the full range of memory-related behaviors shown by infants. (Author/RH)

The goal of this study was to examine some of the mechanisms underlying emotion regulation in childhood affective disorders by examining the impact of distracting emotional information during performance on a working memory task ("Emotional n-back" or E-n-back). The sample included 75 children (38 girls and 37 boys) between 8 and 16 years of age…

In the remember-know paradigm, subjects report the subjective basis for their "old" response to a memory probe to be either recollection of specific details ("remembering") or familiarity ("knowing"). The response rates for these judgments are often taken as direct measures of underlying processes, but this process-pure account is implausible in…

For more than three decades, the question ''What is memory development the development of?'' has guided research on children's memory. As theories and methodologies have evolved, so too has our knowledge of the mnemonic competencies of young children, and of age-related differences in memory performance. Unfortunately, however, current…

The role of emotion in complex decision-making can be assessed on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), a widely used neuropsychological measure that may tap a different aspect of executive function than that assessed by conventional measures. Most notably, the 'feeling' about which decks are good or bad, often described in relation to IGT performance,…

The nature of object representation in working memory is vital to establishing the capacity of working memory, which in turn shapes the limits of visual cognition and awareness. Although current theories discuss whether representations in working memory are feature-based or object-based, no theory has considered the role of past experience.…

Healthy premenopausal women with regular menstrual cycles were assessed on a fragmented objects test of implicit memory. Testing took place at either the low estrogen (n=17) or the high estrogen (n=16) stages of the menstrual cycle. Concentrations of ovarian hormones were confirmed by saliva assays. Both groups of women exhibited a priming effect,…

In opposition to conceptualizing working memory (WM) in terms of a general capacity, we present four experiments that favor the view that individual differences in WM depend on attentional control. High- and low-WM participants, as assessed by the operation span task, learned unrelated sentences for which the subject and predicate of the sentences…

Retrieval is a ''memory modifier'' (R.A. Bjork, 1975) in two senses: information retrieved from memory becomes more recallable; and, other information associated with the same cues becomes less recallable. Over time, therefore, retrieval processes act to update, shape, and sometimes distort our memories, including, presumably, memories involved in…

The mirror effect refers to a phenomenon where the hit rate is higher for low frequency words while the false alarm rate is higher for high frequency distractors. Using a false memory paradigm (Roediger & McDermott, 1995), we examined whether false memory for non-presented lures would be influenced by the lure's familiarity. The results revealed…

Spoken words exhibit considerable variation from their hypothesized canonical forms. Much of the variation is regular, occurring often in language. The present work examines the immediate and long-term processing consequences for rule-governed final-/t/ variation in English. Two semantic priming experiments demonstrate that variation does not…

Visual short-term memory (VSTM) and attention are both thought to have a capacity limit of four items [e.g. Luck, S. J., & Vogel, E. K. (1997). The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions. Nature, 309, 279-281; Pylyshyn, Z. W., & Storm, R. W. (1988). Tracking multiple independent targets: evidence for a parallel tracking…