The authors examined the extent to which the Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional scales and 3-point codes of the Self-Directed Search may be considered statistically and practically equivalent across 3 different modes of administration: paper-and-pencil, personal computer, and Internet. Student preferences…

Preferential-looking studies suggest that by 2 months of age, infants may have knowledge about some object properties, such as solidity. Manual search studies of toddlers examining these same concepts, however, have failed to provide evidence for the same understanding. Investigators have recently attempted to reconcile this disparity but failed…

The performance of three equating methods--the presmoothed equipercentile method, the item response theory (IRT) true score method, and the IRT observed score method--were examined based on three equating criteria: the same distributions property, the first-order equity property, and the second-order equity property. The magnitude of the…

Relational complexity (RC) theory conceptualizes an individual's processing capacity and a task's complexity along a common ordinal metric. The authors describe the development of the Latin Square Task (LST) that assesses the influence of RC on reasoning. The LST minimizes the role of knowledge and storage capacity and thus refines the…

Much research has suggested that those who stutter are likely to be anxious. However, to date, little research on this topic has addressed the role of expectancies of harm in anxiety, which is a central construct of anxiety in modern clinical psychology. There are good reasons to believe that the anxiety of those who stutter is related to…

Rather than focus on the numerous flaws in the book "The Bell Curve" (Herrnstein & Murray), this discussion focuses on the racism and bigoted beliefs of the pioneers in the mental measurement movement in the United States--beliefs which provided the background and opportunity for the publication of the book. A significant amount of…

Test-retest reliabilities and practice effect magnitudes were considered for nine computer-simulated tasks of everyday cognition and five traditional neuropsychological tests. The nine simulated everyday memory tests were from the Memory Assessment Clinic battery as follows: (1) simple reaction time while driving; (2) divided attention (driving…

The purpose of this book is to provide information about the various psychological assessment procedures that are specifically relevant for practicing counselors and human development professionals. The book deals with the use of such tests in the counseling process and includes illustrative case studies. It emphasizes the selection,…

The hypothesis that free recall curves reflecting effects of serial position, presentation time and delay of recall are attributable to subjects' pattern of rehearsal was explored. Experiments varied the patterns of rehearsal to examine the effects on recall. (CHK)

Short-term retention of temporal and spatial order information were compared using the distractor paradigm. Use of phonemic coding and coding of information about temporal-spatial patterns were interrupted to observe subject's reaction and ability to recall. (CHK)

Suggests that because children of similar intellectual abilities, with different home backgrounds and/or different educational environments, reach different levels of scholastic attainment, that suitable intervention procedures could raise level of school performance. [Available from St. Patrick's College, Dublin 9, Ireland]. (Author/AM)

This study examines the frequency of depression among freshmen through a retrospective inventory completed by 158 randomly selected sophomores. Of these, 75 percent reported having experienced at least mild depression in the preceding year. The study indicates that frequency of depression is generally underestimated. (SJL)

The effect of a helpseeker's sex-role appropriateness on psychological inference was examined. Counselors rated the degree of maladjustment suggested by psychovocational profiles of medical-school aspirants. Greater maladjustment was imputed to the sex-role transgressing female, but not identically-described males, by relatively traditional than…

Delineates a model of the complete diagnosis process which is motivated by concern that every child achieve the potential he possesses. Discusses the usual functions of diagnosis, the nature of psychological-educational diagnosis, the effects of inaccurate or inadequate diagnosis, and implication for a more adequate process. (Author/PC)

This digest lists guides to non-commercial tests and compilations of such tests to help identify potentially useful non-commercial tests and assessment instruments to measure special characteristics of students. Reliability and validity information is frequently available. The guides reviewed include: (1) "Measures for Psychological…