Memory for object motion in three-month-old infants was investigated across different time intervals in three studies using a novelty preference method. Results indicated a significant preference for the novel motion after a one-minute delay, a significant preference for the familiar motion after a one-month delay, and no preferences at the…

Two studies examined three- and five-year-old children's and adults' explicit and implicit memory for pictures, using measures of recognition memory and perceptual facilitation. Found that recognition memory and perceptual facilitation were related for adults but not for children at either age. (MDM)

The Metamemory in Adulthood Questionnaire, Memory Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and measures of depression and health status were completed by 169 adults over 55 in Texas and Louisiana. External memory strategies (lists, notes) were used more often than internal (elaboration, rehearsal). Memory efficacy decreased significantly with age, and anxiety…

A study of intercorrelations and long-term stabilities of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, and Auditory-Verbal Learning Test indexes for 300 older adults challenges assumptions that for cognitively normal people, performance in one cognitive domain correlates well with others and that cognition is stable.…

Examined influence of cardiovascular fitness on age-related declines in cognitive performance among 13 young adults, 22 middle-aged adults, and 13 older adults. Age-related performance declines were observed for free-recall task, but no such age-dependent association was observed for frequency and location memory. Other data suggest that…

S. Glucksberg and B. Keysar's (1990) class-inclusion view of metaphor understanding does not properly acknowledge metaphor's role in everyday cognition. Metaphor is a powerful scheme in long-term memory by which people make sense of their experiences. Evidence supports tacit conceptual metaphor's role in comprehension of verbal metaphors in…

The relationship between learning ability and memory-monitoring performance was studied for 289 undergraduates in a 5-stage feeling of knowing (FOK) procedure with confidence of recognition (COR) judgments. Results show that fast and slow learners do not differ in magnitude of FOK and COR. (SLD)

The influence of behaviorism's methods and theories on theory and research in the neurosciences is examined, partly in light of John B. Watson's 1913 essay. An attempt is made to reconcile classical behaviorism and modern cognitive psychology and neuroscience. (SLD)

Many of the puzzles of absolute judgment raised by George A. Miller in 1956 remain puzzles today. Literature directed toward capacity limitations in absolute judgment tasks and in short-term memory is reviewed, and some models that attempt to elucidate the phenomena are discussed. (SLD)

Suggests that two components of natural discourse (pragmatic information and knowledge about discourse style) play a role in memory for the surface form of sentences in discourse. Shows that recognition memory increased as a function of information about the speaker's positive and negative attitudes and that substantial verbatim memory was…

Investigates developmental association between nonword repetition performance and vocabulary knowledge by evaluating the role of phonological memory and linguistic factors in nonword repetition. (29 references) (GLR)

Responds to criticism on research of the factors influencing nonword repetition performance in a large-scale longitudinal study of children aged between four and six years. (10 references) (GLR)

Effect of domain distance on comprehension and memory of scientific passages was investigated through use of near and far analogies read by 193 adults. Results suggest that analogies from far domains promote comprehension and memory. Results support the concept of structure mapping as the underlying process in analogy use. (SLD)

Revealed that 6-month-old infants are unable to access either an original memory or a reactivated memory after lengthy intervals. Despite the fact that their memory processing is more rapid during encoding and retrieval than that of infants half their age, their facility for accessing an original or reactivated memory is weaker than that of such…

Investigates whether individual differences in working-memory (WM) capacity are related to the ways readers use inferences to facilitate text comprehension. Finds several differences between low-memory-span and high-memory-span readers. Notes that readers with adequate WM capacity can keep interpretations open ended and await more information from…