Contends that attitudes of nursing home personnel have been measured inappropriately with scales based on negative stereotypes and inaccurate knowledge about the aged in the general population. Reconceptualizes attitudes from attitudes towards older people to attitudes towards behavior essential to the care of nursing home patients. (Author/ABL)

Presents a comprehensive review of literature written since 1970 relevant to American Indian mental health research dealing with infants, preschoolers, children, and adolescents. Analyzes and synthesizes literature and describes important biopsychosocial issues faced by American Indian communities, gaps in research, specific problems with past…

Researchers and service providers working in the field of the mental health aspects of mental retardation need to integrate their efforts, but barriers exist, including differences in culture, negative history, and competition for limited resources. Joint conferences and publications are recommended as well as graduate training programs and…

Proposes ethical principles for Arctic research suggested by the Barrow Alcohol Study. Suggests that lack of understanding of the Native community, the mistaken assumption that informed consent had been obtained, and the influence of (and political struggles among) non-Native institutions and agencies contributed to the problems. (DHP)

Focuses on key peer counseling implementation and research questions. Includes issues as to whether or not peer counseling expands professional support services; environmental impact, training content, process and duration of peer counseling programs, selection of peer counselors; referral patterns; and types of clients and problems undertaken.…

Fifteen anecdotes representing technical, conceptual, and political problems experienced by internationally recognized experts in the field of second language learning are presented. The anecdotes provide valuable insight for other researchers, users of research results, and for critical analyses of the second language research process. Author/CB)

Employed triangulation strategy for assessing family interaction, involving family members, therapist, and coders independently viewing videotapes. Found weak agreement between paired assessments within family triad, and within therapist-coder dyad. Findings suggest that methodological and/or scaling strategies designed to maximize agreement may…

Discusses the status of researchers and the prospects for research in art education. Examines ways in which the editors of scholarly publications have attempted to shape research. Speculates on the extent to which all art educators carry within themselves the "seeds" of research activity and editorship. (GEA)

Demonstrates that magnitude-of-effects (ME) estimates vary in susceptibility to sample-size bias depending on whether they are directional or nondirectional estimates. Also demonstrates that study characteristics that influence size of ME estimates can be explicitly taken into account when comparing studies. Emphasizes need to consider study…

Criticizes the application of the statistical procedures of the population-genetic approach within evolutionary biology to the study of psychological development. Argues that the application of the statistical methods of population genetics--primarily the analysis of variance--to the causes of psychological development is bound to result in a…

Argues that Gottlieb rejects population sampling and statistical analyses of distributions as he proposes that his experimental brand of mechanistic science is the only legitimate approach to developmental research. Maintains that Gottlieb exaggerates developmental uncertainty, based on his own research with extreme environmental manipulations.…

Argues that a truly developmental behavior genetics will have to go beyond the traditional quantitative approach of population genetics in order to produce developmental explanatory content about differences and similarities in developmental outcomes. (MDM)

High-track/low-track studies almost invariably conclude that students gain from being in high-ability groups and lose from being in low-ability groups. Track/no-track studies find achievement effects approaching zero for high, average, and low achievers. Brewer, Rees, and Argys's own data provide little evidence for maintaining ability grouping.…

Reviews methodological issues constraining research on the career development of gay/lesbian/bisexual people. Suggests a broader span of content, theory-based research, increased representation of populations, quantitative and qualitative methods, and designs that investigate within-group and between-group differences in career experiences. (SK)

In this pilot study, 14 adolescents kept diaries for 6 consecutive weeks during their pregnancies. Diary entries were analyzed for affective tone, emotional lability, and contextuality. Findings question psychometric properties of data gathered using one time, self-report measures with pregnant adolescents because of their fluctuating mood states.…