Continuing educators can gain knowledge about their programs' environments, as well as predict the outcomes of change processes, by utilizing an emerging systems concept called the communication model. Utilization of the communication model involves three steps: (1) diagramming the perceived reality of the organizational system, (2) using the…

The problem-solving models described in this paper were selected because they offer nontechnological alternatives to solving school district problems, because they solicit and respect the opinions of involved workers and clients, and because each model has several variant forms that can be applied to many different kinds of problems. The three…

Eighteen research reports related to mathematics education are abstracted and analyzed in this publication. Three of the reports deal with aspects of learning theory, seven with topics in mathematics instruction (problem solving, weight, quadratic inequalities, probability and statistics, area and volume conservation, cardinality), five with…

This handbook is a general planning tool for child development groups that want to be more effective than they are. It is designed to help a group determine (1) its reasons for existence; (2) its aspirations for improving child development programs in the community; (3) its limitations; (4) what steps it needs to take to achieve its goals; (5) who…

This handbook has been designed as a teaching resource to be used in the development of student attitudes and competencies, reflecting an awareness of the environment, and a motivation to work toward solutions to its problems. Listed activities are to be adapted to the abilities and interests of students, school locale, and teaching situation.…

This paper describes in detail the paper-and-pencil POE (Pelham Odd 'R Even) game, in which units of space are the allocated resources. The game is designed to provide an introduction to the rule structure common to the games of EQUATIONS, WFF 'N PROOF, and ON-SENTS & NON-SENTS. Techniques of playing POE, including goals, solutions, moves, scoring…

In February and May 1973, experimental forms of the mathematics game EQUATIONS were used in two seventh-grade classes which had been participating twice a week in EQUATIONS tournaments since the previous September. The purpose of the experimental games was to gain information as to the kinds of mathematical ideas players choose to concern…

Performance of 237 students in ten eighth-grade mathematics classes was assessed to measure their ability to solve (1) problems which involve only computation, and (2) problems which involve computation and recognition of the relevance of a particular mathematical idea indispensable to the solution of the problem. Pretest and/or posttest data were…

Three studies to determine the effects of adult models on interrogative strategies of children (ages 6-11) are reviewed. Two issues are analyzed: (1) the comparative effectiveness of various types of modeling procedures for changing rule-governed behaviors, and (2) the interaction between observational learning and the developmental level of the…

The major contention of this paper is that the emphasis in developing countries on non-formal alternatives to formal schooling can be related to a major reconstruction now underway of the concept of economic development. The earlier concept of development is defined as economic growth reflected in increased gross national product, principally…

The current status of student government's role in the school decision making of a New York junior high school is examined in this case study. The student body, faculty, and administration responded to a 37-item questionnaire which examined their attitudes toward student government activities and importance in school decision making. The results…

This guide describes where specific skills are emphasized in the three reading texts (published by Ginn, Holt, and Lyons and Carnhan) used in the intermediate grades in the Stoneham (Massachusetts) Public School System. The four major sections of the book are color-coded and include phonetic and structural analysis, vocabulary development, study…

This paper argues that a major aspect of intelligence is the ability to solve problems and that careful analysis of problem-solving behavior is a means of specifying many of the psychological processes that make up intelligence. The focus is on the mechanisms involved when, in the absence of complete instruction, a person must "invent" a new…

One of the products developed by the Home and Community-Based Career Education Project, the career development series booklet contains information and practical suggestions on five major areas of career development: self-assessment, exploring the world of work, finding appropriate training, overcoming obstacles to entering a career, and looking…

A strategy for decision making in the design of reading instruction is suggested in this paper. Decision categories, or "junctures," are anticipated, and a set of principles is developed as a guide to selection and sequencing of program tactics. Included in the discussion is an analysis of the problems inherent in decision making, an examination…