Discusses the Finnish government's decision of principles concerning the development of adult education in terms of "free cultural and educational work": adult education centers or civic and workers' institutes, folk high schools, and study circles and cultural work of national civic organizations. (MF)

Describes the organization, methods, and mission of the Policies Commission for Business and Economic Education, an autonomous body established to improve understanding of business and economic education, assist educators, define business education's role in the total educational program, and develop recommendations to implement that role. (MF)

Outlines and comments on some of the principal trends reflected in the Education Amendments of 1978, most of which extend and expand the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. Provisions include more parent and teacher involvement, focus on basic skills, categorical programs, paperwork control, more monitoring, and school financing. (MF)

Two examples of CBT which demonstrate unique design characteristics without gimmicks are described. The first is an example from Northern States Power Company (NSP), an electric and gas utility. The second details implementation of a language arts unit by the Minnesota Educational Computing Consortium in a public school seting. (JEG)

The author comments on Rafe-uz-Zaman's approach to literacy education (see v9, n1 of this journal) and points out that literacy in adult education must progress from one stage to the next. He discusses pre-literacy (temporarily bypassing literacy instruction), life-oriented and work-oriented literacy education, educational supply and demand, and…

Describes a micro-processor controlled instruction delivery system being developed for use with deaf students which incorporates film cassette, frame or sequence addressable, color motion or still visuals under computer program control for local or remote delivery. An authoring capability for development and validation and a program are also…

The six articles in this issue are devoted to discussions of Ukranian educator A.S. Makarenko. His theories of collectivist social upbringing and labor education, his pedagogical views, and his views concerning student self-government are discussed. (KC)

Analyzes the contribution of the early departments of education in England and Wales to the development of educational psychology. Examines syllabi, textbooks, primary sources, and previous research to investigate the contributions of important pioneers in these departments. Concludes with a comment on the methodology of the research. (MJP)

Questions what attributes and approaches are most effective and essential for a primary school to achieve their mission. Identifies three attributes: (1) success (defined here as establishing the primary mission as the successful development of the child); (2) wonder (referring to techniques that inspire this response); and (3) confidence. (MJP)

Summarizes and provides a historical introduction to the work of Emile Jacques-Dalcroze. A turn-of-the-century educator, musician, and theorist, he developed eurythmics. This was a method of teaching music through movement that is still popular. Discusses basic principles of eurythmics and other methods. (MJP)

Introduces three papers that discuss the design methodology for developing learning systems for cognitive skills acquisition. Provides specific examples of processes that underlie the acquisition of cognitive skills. Confirms that through the embrace of lifelong learning, cognitive skills-based learning environments are finding a more prominent…

Presents an overview of childrearing practices in India, chronicles government initiatives in early childhood education, describes the range of programs available, and identifies goals that will shape the future of early childhood programs in that country. Identifies universal education, elevation of teacher status, and preservation of community…

Analyzes how a flourishing market economy has affected China's social policy and educational development, focusing on "marketization" and "privatization" in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Province. The Delta's expansion of multiple financial sources for education and huge demand for professional and technical education have…

Defines and broadly traces the history of educational planning in both developing and industrialized capitalist nations. Discusses general approaches to educational planning (technical versus political planning, top-down versus bottom-up planning, and various theoretical bases); the contingency view of planning; case examples of planned,…

Features comments from Robert L. Hampel, William R. Johnson, Diane Ravitch, and David N. Plank on David Tyack and Larry Cuban's book, "Tinkering toward Utopia: A Century of Public School Reform." The book argues that educational reformers in the 20th century have attempted large-scale systemic reforms instituted from the top down. (MJP)