The orbitofrontal cortex (OBFc) has been suggested to code the motivational value of environmental stimuli and to use this information for the flexible guidance of goal-directed behavior. To examine whether information regarding reward prediction is quantitatively represented in the rat OBFc, neural activity was recorded during an olfactory…

Learning to discriminate between spatial locations defined by two adjacent arms of a radial maze in the conditioned cue preference paradigm requires two kinds of information: latent spatial learning when the rats explore the maze with no food available, and learning about food availability in two spatial locations when the rats are then confined…

The need for continuous instruction of five severely or profoundly impaired (SPI) students (12-18 years old) was examined in light of recent court decisions regarding extended year schooling. SPI Ss and a control group of normal IQ Ss were taught new discriminations. After a 3-month break, the discriminations were taught with procedures, methods,…

On discrimination learning trials which allowed subjects to press an information key when in doubt, retarded children made significantly more presses than control groups. Results confirmed the hypothesis that retarded children would be more outerdirected than normal children in a situation in which distractibility could not play a role. (Author/GO)

Four groups of moderately retarded 7- to 13-year-old children (N =4 in each group) were trained to respond to a triangle with apex up (S+) and not to a triangle with apex down (S-), with and without errors. (Author)

Snyder's (1974) construct of self-monitoring in communication refers to the degree of self-observation and self-control, guided by situational cues to social appropriateness. To investigate the relationship of level of self-monitoring (high or low) to the ability to accurately discriminate varying levels of incongruent communication, 62 college…

Discrimination learning studied in 3-year-olds, indicated that children over 30 months of age did better than younger children, and girls learned faster than boys after the first problem. (ST)

Described is the learning theory of Marc Gold as it has been applied to increasing the learning efficiency of 64 mentally handicapped adolescents. (DB)

Children's avoidance responses were conditioned and then extinguished in a laboratory analog of a social threat situation. (DP)

Twelve moderately retarded children were trained on 2-choice visual discrimination problems with interpolation of another item between training and retention tests. Results indicated that well-learned items are rehearsed less. (SBT)

Predictions of two-stage learning theories were evaluated by measuring observing responses which produced the discriminative stimuli for .5 sec. (Editor)

This study tested the hypothesized relationship between overt sensorimotor ordering experiences and relational responding in preschool children. (Author/CS)

This study examined the effects of sentence length and correct syntax on sentence imitation in 54 first-, second-, and fifth-grade elementary school children. The same children were asked to perform an additional discrimination task between normal and scrambled sentences. (Author/CS)

Study supported by Mental Health Research Grant 605-5-373.