The present study examines how changes in the amount of on-screen text will influence student learning from a multimedia instructional unit on basic concepts of coordinate geometry. The relative effectiveness of two different versions (short-text and whole-text) of the instructional unit was examined for students who differed in terms of their…

We examined the components of first (L1) and second language (L2) phonological processing that are related to L2 word reading and vocabulary. Spanish-speaking English learners (EL) were classified as average or low readers in grades 1 and 2. A large number of children who started out as poor readers in first grade became average readers in second…

This longitudinal study investigated the academic and cognitive characteristics of persistent mathematics difficulty (MD-p) from first to fourth grade. Ninety-nine children were retrospectively categorized into one of three groups: MD-p, transient mathematics difficulty (MD-t), or typically developing. MD-p was defined as persistently low…

Many individuals may be limited in their ability to retrieve clear memories of positive, recurring, childhood experiences. In order to ascertain the generability of this phenomenon, researchers asked college students (n=340) whether they could recall ever having sat on a parent's lap when they were under five years of age. As predicted, only a…

In third-grade and tenth-grade subjects, results included (1) the absence of age differences in proportionalized short-term retention and (2) significant age differences in long-term retention only between groups that had received a different number of learning trials. (Author/CI)

This article synthesizes published literature comparing the cognitive functioning of children who have math disabilities (MD) with that of (a) average-achieving children; (b) children who have reading disabilities (RD); and (c) children who have co-morbid disabilities (MD+RD). Average achievers outperformed children with MD on measures of verbal…

A cognitive/metacognitive framework is presented for analysing applications tasks and responses to these. Conditions facilitating or impeding access to such tasks at the upper secondary level were identified using qualitative data analysis techniques within this framework. Strategies employed in exploiting, or overcoming these conditions were…

An experiment examined the possibilities that: (1) repeated deviations in a routine event become fused into the general event representation (GER) for that event; and (2) when deviations go unreported, it is because they have been forgotten. Preschool children were interviewed to get their script reports before and after repeated deviations in the…

A minimal heuristic model of human memory storage and retrievel is outlined in which there is no self-organizing ability, and in which retrieval processes are undirected in that they do not vary with the nature of information sought. The model is applied to a variety of phenomena in human learning, forgetting and retrieval. (RC)

The ability of multilinguals to remember the language of linguistically mixed material was studied in two experiments. (Editor)

These experiments demonstrated that it is possible to produce induced amnesia using a loud sound as the critical item when all other items are presented at normal conversational levels. (Author/RK)

Two experiments were conducted which investigated the developmental patterns of children's rehearsal and organization of material to be memorized. (JMB)

Two experiments are presented which investigated the effect of retention interval and information load on short-term recognition memory in retarded subjects. (Author/SET)

Authors attempted to measure the effect of phonetic similarity on the ease and speed with which pairs of words are found in memory. (Author/RK)

Preference for detailed notes was significantly positively correlated with recall in a study of college students randomly assigned to four treatment groups using different combinations of note taking and review. (Author/KM)