Investigates potential problems with training native speaker interlocutors to carry out a series of oral interactions with a candidate for overseas employment with the Australian government. Findings reveal the effects of interlocutor variables and audiotape quality on ratings. Evaluates the overall feasibility of the procedure and examines…

Results from multiple regression analyses revealed that (1) a lack of clinical experience with AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) patients and (2) antihomosexual attitudes were significantly associated with the students' (N=231) lack of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)-AIDS knowledge, even after controlling for the effects of exaggerated…

This paper addresses the predictive value for performance in medical school of undergraduate grades, the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT), selectivity of the undergraduate institution, and transcript data. The performance data examined were basic science grades; clinical science grades; scores on National Board of Medical Examiners…

Describes the development of a gravity model based upon principles of spatial interaction to predict the circulation of libraries in the Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library (Indiana). The model effectively predicted past circulation figures and was tested by predicting future library circulation, particularly for a new branch library.…

An investigation was conducted to determine whether differential predictive validity, as detected in previous studies, exists for a recent sample of 3,703 college students. Results confirmed that the phenomenon still exists. For women, but not minorities, the difference in predictive validity appears related to course selection. (SLD)

Eighty American Indian students enrolled in Montana colleges and universities completed eight tests of cognitive function. Academic success (as measured by number of quarters completed) was related to three measures of simultaneous processing: orientation, form completion, and localization. These measures are seldom included on standardized…

Several analyses are presented on the relationships among the Test of Spoken English, Test of Written English, and Test of English as a Foreign Language. The multivariate prediction of each test from the scores on the others is very accurate; variances with two prominent factors may relate to specific cognitive test-taking skills. (eight…

Different approaches to defining suppression in multiple regression/correlation are compared, and their differences are illustrated. A test for determining the significance of a suppressor effect, which is based on the definition of suppression of W. F. Velicer, is extended to the general multiple predictor case and analysis of variance. (SLD)

Ninety-five secondary students with learning disabilities (LDs) and 126 nondisabled students were assessed for depression. The prevalence of depression for both students with and without LDs was 10%. No difference in prevalence or severity of depression was noted for disability or gender. Subscales of the Self-Esteem Inventory and Adolescent…

This study attempted to validate the Rockport Fitness Walking Test (RFWT) in college students and develop prediction equations if the RFWT proved invalid. Researchers compared measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and VO2max predicted from previous equations. The original RFWT overpredicted VO2max in college students and thus is invalid for that…

Institutionalized persons (n=149) with severe or profound mental retardation who were treated with heterocyclic antidepressants were divided into responders and nonresponders and compared. Responders were more likely to be those subjects who exhibited symptoms of depression, psychosis, or tantruming and had a higher social age than did…

Data from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R), grade point average (GPA) after 2 semesters of full-time enrollment, and selected student characteristics were compared for 49 learning-disabled college students. WAIS-R results were not generally predictive of academic success, although Comprehension and Similarities subtests…

Investigation of criterion-related validity of test scores of 107 deaf residential adolescents found concurrent validity between the Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) and the Performance IQ of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, using both hearing and deaf norms. Predictive validity was supported by correlations between the SPM…

Job analyses were compared with employees' self-ratings of abilities across 54 occupations. Participants totaled 2,272 workers (1,119 women and 1,153 men) who took the Career Decision-Making System as part of an effort to expand its concurrent validity evidence. The results supported the validity of self-assessment of aptitudes in career…

Tests a model that posited that three diverse sets of academic outcomes for children were uniquely determined by psychological, family, and peer factors. Results reveal that early verbal skills are unique predictors of academic outcomes, and that the relative importance of psychological and peer factors depends on the kind of academic outcome of…