Bilingual infants must navigate the similarities and differences between their languages to achieve native proficiency in childhood. Bilinguals learning to find individual words in fluent speech face the possibility of conflicting cues to word boundaries across their languages. Despite this challenge, bilingual infants typically begin to segment…

The intense desire to produce good quality human capital is not sufficient by having basic skills for certain fields only. There is a need to have a competitive attitude to enhance their level of competency as it is a big concern for many employers today. Hence, the study was conducted to identify the competitiveness factors that influence the…

Bayesian structural equation modeling (BSEM) is a flexible tool for the exploration and estimation of sparse factor loading structures; that is, most cross-loading entries are zero and only a few important cross-loadings are nonzero. The current investigation was focused on the BSEM with small-variance normal distribution priors (BSEM-N) for both…

This article discusses the estimation of a population proportion, using the auxiliary information available, which is incorporated into the estimation procedure by a probit model fit. Three probit regression estimators are considered, using model-based and model-assisted approaches. The theoretical properties of the proposed estimators are derived…

It is time to reform the quantitative methods courses in leadership programs -- typically, these are statistics courses with arcane statistics textbooks. There is growing evidence that these "rigorous" scientific methods actually mislead practice because the vast majority of practices found to be "effective" or…

Testing whether items fit the assumptions of an item response theory model is an important step in evaluating a test. In the literature, numerous item fit statistics exist, many of which show severe limitations. The current study investigates the root mean squared deviation (RMSD) item fit statistic, which is used for evaluating item fit in…

Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) has become a key multivariate statistical modeling technique that educational researchers frequently use. This paper reviews the uses of PLS-SEM in 16 major e-learning journals, and provides guidelines for improving the use of PLS-SEM as well as recommendations for future applications in…

Multilevel Rasch models are increasingly used to estimate the relationships between test scores and student and school factors. Response data were generated to follow one-, two-, and three-parameter logistic (1PL, 2PL, 3PL) models, but the Rasch model was used to estimate the latent regression parameters. When the response functions followed 2PL…

Recently, researchers have used multilevel models for estimating intervention effects in single-case experiments that include replications across participants (e.g., multiple baseline designs) or for combining results across multiple single-case studies. Researchers estimating these multilevel models have primarily relied on restricted maximum…

This study reviews the international literature of empirical educational research to examine the application of logistic regression. The aim is to examine common practices of the report and interpretation of logistic regression results, and to discuss the implications for educational research. A review of 130 studies suggests that: (a) the…

The use of cartoons, songs, and quotes can be a useful way to engage students in discussion and learning key concepts about quantifying the uncertainty in statistical estimates.

Variation and variability are key concepts in K-16 statistics education. Prior research has investigated students' reasoning about variability in different contexts. However, there is a lack of research on students' development of understanding of variability when comparing distributions in bar graphs, dot plots, and histograms as they took an…

In our modern world, we are inundated and grapple with data daily. As mathematicians, we are often more comfortable discussing the behavior of functions presented analytically, in contrast with the data-driven or tabular presentations of functions ubiquitous in our culture. This paper introduces an entry-level course, Mathematical Modeling and…

Recently, quantitative researchers have shown increased interest in two-step factor score regression (FSR) approaches to structural model estimation. A particularly promising approach proposed by Croon involves first extracting factor scores for each latent factor in a larger model, then correcting the variance-covariance matrix of the factor…

Previous research evaluating grammar school effectiveness has generally relied on snapshot or longitudinal regression models to deal with pre-existing differences between grammar school pupils and those in non-selective schools. These passive designs are based on correlations, and cannot demonstrate clear positive causal relationships between…