Predictive validity of Education Participation Scale Alternative form was demonstrated by relating interview data and estimates to actual scores. Responses from 845 North American and Asian adults entered into discriminant function equations successfully classified 60 percent by gender, 25 percent by age, and 65 percent by ethnicity. Soundness of…

A procedure enabling 19 adolescents/adults with profound mental retardation to express food and drink preferences was evaluated. Results indicated that active choice making occurred, and caregiver opinion was not predictive of participant preferences. Choices made using the procedure were similar to choices made when less structured opportunities…

Levels of hostility and type of crime were compared in 94 male offenders with 3-4 or 4-3 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) high point pairs and in randomly selected offenders without these pairs. Results do not support these codes as evidence of a proclivity for violence. (SLD)

Comparison of direct (a survey) and indirect (mock petition drive) attitude measures regarding opening a group home for people with mental retardation in the neighborhood found that the survey was not a very reliable predictor of how people would react when asked whether they agreed or objected to such a group home. (DB)

Characterized the methodology of case studies, using examples from science education, with regard to their potential for the analysis of innovation and formulation of emerging trends. The theoretical and empirical support of evaluation will generate a call for negotiation as the formula that regulates the assessment of a program's efficiency and…

Studied the relationship of alcohol expectancies to college drinking domains in 315 college students. Results demonstrate the concurrent validity of the College Alcohol Problem Scale with three subscales of the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire and the Drinking Context Scale. Implications for prevention and early intervention are noted. (EMK)

Random regression models were used to investigate the role of initial severity in the outcome of four treatments for major depression: cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, imipramine plus clinical management, and placebo plus clinical management. Initial severity of depression and impairment of functioning significantly…

Investigates the ability of personality characteristics (achievement, conscientiousness, and resiliency), high school GPA, and Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) score to predict cumulative college GPA and retention (N=844). In predicting college GPA, conscientiousness added significant incremental variance to high school GPA and SAT.…

This paper proposes a new analysis of consumption inequality using relational methods, derived from network images of social structure. We combine structural analysis with theoretical concerns in consumer research to propose a relational theory of consumption space, to construct a stratification indicator, and to demonstrate its analytical…

Today's college ACCUPLACER System's Computerized Placement Test (CPT) plays a major role for determining whether post-secondary students are ready for placement into Arithmetic, Elementary Algebra, Intermediate Algebra, or College Mathematics courses. It is widely used in most college systems in the U.S. This paper discusses some of the issues to…

This study was designed to develop a single-stage submaximal treadmill jogging (TMJ) test to predict VO[subscript 2]max in fit adults. Participants (N = 400; men = 250 and women = 150), ages 18 to 40 years, successfully completed a maximal graded exercise test (GXT) at 1 of 3 laboratories to determine VO[subscript 2]max. The TMJ test was completed…

Older persons are living longer and healthier and, thus, are capable of being more productive and less dependent. Despite this trend, young people persistently hold the age-old negative stereotypes about older persons. The goals of this study were to develop a valid, reliable measure of social values of older people and to assess its utility as…

General strain theory (GST) was tested as an explanation of violent and status offense delinquency of South Korean girls and boys. One research objective was to determine whether Korean girls and boys differed in their experience of each type of strain and in the levels of conditioning effects that might moderate the connections of strain to…

The aim of the present study was to investigate the differential relationships between five dimensions of motivational climate and achievement goals, as the latter have been conceptualized by the revised achievement goal theory. Adolescents (N = 336, M age = 13.45 years, SD = 1.04) participating in a summer camp in southern Greece took part in the…

Data mining of IPEDS data is used to develop models that calculate predicted graduation rates for two- and four-year institutions. (Contains 7 tables and 5 figures.)