The individual must assume the main responsibility for personal development and life planning, which includes making career decisions that sustain and enhance the sense of self. (SK)

Provides evidence that the significance given to the infant-mother attachment and personality and social development is not warranted. Infants normally develop attachments to more than one person. Their interpersonal world is complex and includes fathers and other caretakers. (Author/JAC)

Previous research found that an innovative educational program had a negative effect on participants' personality development. For the replication, control subjects increased their scores on three out of 19 scales while program praticipants' scores remained the same. When retested one year later, there were no significant differences. (Author)

Female relationships are described as more intense, demonstrative, exclusive, and nurturant than male. Male relationships are more likely to be based on enjoyable companionship and similarity in attitudes. The relationship is important enough to development that lack of a close friend should be viewed as a deficit. (Author)

Results of this study indicate that two-thirds of the participants who completed a year in a Jewish-Arab Buberian Learning Group had diminished existential mistrust of members of the other ethnic group. (JN)

Discusses adult individuality and the need to recognize and consider individual differences in adult education. States that the effects of differences experienced over time determine adult value systems. Presents data from author's dissertation study to show one group's value ranges and how no one person can represent the composite data. (MF)

Assumed determinants of ego identity were investigated using high school students. The Marcia Ego Identity Status Scale was given as well as measures of sex role identification, personality development, psychological functioning, self concept, and parental socialization practices. Overall, the data supported Erikson's theory of ego identity…

The Omnibus Personality Inventory was administered to a group of students as freshmen, seniors, and alumni (five years after graduation). Respondents exhibited freshman-to-senior personality changes usually associated with college attendance. The orientation to intellectualism and the social-emotional maturation persisted in the years immediately…

Examined the role of female undergraduates' perceived reciprocity in parental relationships, their sense of incompetence, and their identity style and commitment in predicting disordered eating symptoms. Found that disordered eating was related to a sense of incompetence, avoidant identity style, and lack of identity commitments. A lack of a…

Examined toddlers' behavioral inhibition and wariness with peers in novel situations involving unfamiliar settings, adults, and peers. Found little consistency of inhibited behavior across the three situations. Consistently inhibited toddlers had fearful temperaments, showed distress after maternal separation, and had mothers who were warm and…

Evidence suggests that community service programs can instill values and nurture development of positive personality and behavioral characteristics. This study sought to determine the effects of participation in community service activities on the personality development of high school students. Quantitative analysis yielded limited evidence of…

Parents responding to a survey on children's self-esteem viewed the environment as the most important factor in personality development, realized the significant role parents have in the development of children's self-esteem, and felt that separation or divorce negatively affects children's self-esteem. Only 29 percent of respondents thought camp…

Explored associations between the present emotional and social development of low- and middle-income African American male and female college students and the substitute care arrangements they experienced as infants. Questionnaire results from 282 college students show that the experience of substitute care arrangements during infancy did not…

To further understanding of temperament-interaction relationships, patterns of interactive behavior were observed in 30 lower-class mother-infant dyads (15 irritable and 15 nonirritable infants) at monthly intervals over a 6-month period. Findings revealed that maternal behavior was systematically more positive with nonirritable infants that with…

Thirty-three female early college entrants were administered a psychological inventory at the beginning and end of the first college year. Accelerants evidenced a consistent pattern of healthy personality growth over the year, which was not observed in a control group of capable nonaccelerants still attending high schools. (Author/JDD)