Examined early development of guilt in 106 children observed in laboratory paradigms in which they were led to believe they had damaged valuable objects during 2 sessions at 22, 33, and 45 months. Found support for a mediational model in which fearful temperament contributed to guilt proneness, which served to inhibit children's tendency to…

Lists tips to enhance toddler-adult relationships focusing on respectful interactions and a constructive environment. Emphasizes the following developmental needs and interests of toddlers: (1) supporting development; (2) planning the environment; (3) guidance for toddlers; (4) toddler play; (5) developmental milestones for toddlers; and (6) what…

The stories of two British students in transition to postcompulsory education show how one reflected upon and was transformed by actions in the new environment. Learning and work experiences were a form of cultural apprenticeship, a social learning process that transcended relationships in formal educational institutions. (Contains 40 references.)…

Assesses developmental changes in verbal memory from the beginning of elementary school to late adolescence on the basis of data from the Munich Longitudinal Study. Suggests that overall, individual differences in verbal memory performance develop very early in life and are relatively unaffected by differences in educational experiences. (Contains…

Describes a study which examined the current matriculation preferences and developmental changes in particular listening habits of medical students during their first year of medical education. Notes that results indicated significant differences between the "people" orientation and the "content" and "time"…

Individuals tend to avoid situations they perceive as risky, but positive risk-taking experiences allow people to continue seeking challenge and growth. Campus activities programing may involve risk taking or leadership in group risk taking, either in the activities themselves or in program planning. Leaders must relate risks to group goals to…

The relationship between identity and intimacy development was studied using 71 male and 71 female college students over a 5-week period using 3 theoretical models reflecting possible gender distinctions. Cross-lag panel correlation investigated the validity of the models. Evidence in support of the models is evaluated. (SLD)

The essay examines trends in attitudes toward creativity in education and business, problems in studying creativity in natural situations, creativity programing for school-age children, current efforts to encourage innovation in business, and the need to nurture creativity in every individual. (DB)

This study tested the reliability and factorial validity of the Purposes for Engaging in Physical Activity Scale (PEPAS). The instrument is designed to measure motivational factors for the purpose of curricular decision making and curriculum research. (JD)

"Take Ten" enables Sheffield (England) city council employees to take 10 days of paid educational leave for a staff development program that focuses on developing individual communication and interpersonal and teamwork skills, offering new perspectives on public service work, enabling work experiences to be shared, and broadening…

Focused on (1) the effect of mother-child interaction during a problem-solving task on subsequent, independent child performance; and (2) the variability in the division of task responsibilities and maternal regulation of the child as a function of task difficulty, child age, and task component. Participants were 60 three to five year olds and…

Results indicate that children who witness teachers' appraisal actions interpret some of them differently at different ages. Participants were 136 first through sixth graders who were assessed on measures of perceptions of target children and perceptions of teacher's opinions of target children. (RH)

Measures the relationship between developmental maturity and performance on a test of reading readiness. Finds no significant difference in performance between boys and girls or between older and younger children. Concludes that reading readiness is in large measure determined by the nature of the reading program. (RS)

A 20-week seminar for preservice teachers sought to help each student develop his individual educative and inquiry process of professional development. Students reacted positively to the seminar's focus on students' initiation of their own learning. (CB)

A six-year study investigated relationships between individual development and: (1) changes in aggressive expression; (2) continuities of aggressive behavior in girls and boys; and (3) convergence between self-concepts and social attributions of others in ontogeny. Participants were 220 fourth grade students who were followed from childhood…