DESIGNED TO GIVE THE READER SOME OF THE DIFFICULTIES OF INTEGRATING PERSONALITY VARIABLES, THEORY, AND TESTING, THIS BOOK DISCUSSES THE DUAL ORIENTATION OF PSYCHOLOGY AS A SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINE AND AS AN APPLIED SKILL. EXAMPLES OF BOTH NOMOTHETIC AND IDIOGRAPHIC THEORIES OF PERSONALITY ARE CONSIDERED. THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND DEBATE…

This book attempts to shed light on the seemingly contradictory aspects of Japanese behavior. Separate chapters, grounded in interaction-oriented social scientific theory, focus on the themes of social relativism, belongingness, empathy, dependency, occupying the proper place, reciprocity, situational interaction, early socialization, selfhood,…

Recognizing the groundlessness of Kohlberg's dismissal of the Aristotelian view that virtues are acquired individually by practice, that view can possibly work in tandem with Kohlberg's for a complete theory of moral development. (Author/SJL)

Discusses biography for children as a literary form concerned with the task of personality integration and sets forth criteria for the selection of biography for children. (GT)

Ausubel's theory of personality development in adolescence examines the role that social factors, especially parent-child relationships, play in the adolescent's struggle to find himself. An overview of this theory is presented and some parallels between it and Eriksonian theory are pointed out. Also examines some selected examples of research on…

A model is presented which allows for the prediction of relationships among stimuli when stimulus responses are linearly related to squared distances between stimulus scale values and person scores along a latent continuum. Applications to developmental and attitudinal data are discussed. (Author/JKS)

Twelve college professors attending an instructional improvement workshop were compared with appropriate matched controls on changes in self-actualization as measured by the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI). Results indicated that workshop participants increased their scores on 6 of 12 scales of the POI while control professors' scores…

College students and working youth between the ages of 18 and 21 were approached in public places and asked to volunteer for an interview. A total of 57 participants responded to a semistructured Ego Identity Status Interview and an Ego Identity Incomplete Sentence Blank. (JMB)

Discusses Kohlberg's theory of moral development and the criticism leveled against its four main assumptions. States that if these "supposedly foundational" assumptions were discarded, the theory would stand on its own. Concludes that since the major criticisms focus primarily on these assumptions, dispensing with them would eliminate…

Provides overview of attachment theory as parented by John Bowlby in "Attachment and Loss". Uses two major concepts from this work to interpret refinements and elaborations of attachment theory attibuted to Mary Ainsworth. Considers how recent insights into development of socioemotional understanding and development of event…

Reviews the literature on children and the threat of nuclear war, focusing on four areas: awareness of nuclear weapons, fear of the bomb, influences on personality, and denial of the threat. The research is briefly critiqued, and implications for early childhood are drawn. (RH)

Presents data from a longitudinal study, based on a sample of 632 Aberdeen school children (ages 11-16), on the development of peer and parental influences during adolescence. Reports that parental influence substantially diminished, but it was not replaced by peer influence: deference to parents remained strong over time. (KH)

The role of the counselor in analyzing institutional features and curriculum plans of middle schools so that they become self-enhancing, safe, sane environments for adolescents is discussed. (BL)

Compared three personality theories (ego development, moral development, and conceptual systems theory) in 102 college students who completed the Sentence Completion Test, This I Believe Test, and Defining Issues Test. Results indicated a significant relationship between all three pairs of theories. (JAC)