The major purpose of the present investigation was to compare the validity of a work sample test and an intelligence test for the prediction of trainability. Several lines of evidence supported the hypothesis that samples of training behavior are the better predictors. (Author)

This article contains a summary of the predictive data obtained in a follow-up study of students who entered four Ottawa high schools in September 1971. The differences among the schools involved in this study suggest that the school, rather than the school system, is an appropriate unit to examine. (Author)

Development and testing of the Park and Recreation Development Simulator (PARDS) are described with predictive implications of the game results. PARDS can be used as a continuing education tool for training professionals, thereby increasing knowledge of the field and acting as a simulation experience in occupations. (Author/HLM)

Predictive validity of a school readiness test (Preschool Screening System (PSS)) was investigated through a teacher rating scale (Rhode Island Pupil Identification Scale) to six groups of kindergarten children of both sexes (N=245). The most powerful predictor in every group was the "Information Processing" score of the PSS. (Author)

The educational value of standardized tests and their fairness to racial and ethnic groups continue to be intensely debated issues that affect public policies. This article summarizes many of the prominent points of view and suggests a series of six policy alternatives as possible solutions to the controversies. (Editor/LBH)

The development of the speech production system was investigated among 120 children (ages 4-14 years) and 20 adults. Aerodynamic and acoustic results suggest that men and 14-year-old boys function differently than women and all other groups of children. Data generally suggest that laryngeal and respiratory behavior of children is not easily…

Learning-disabled adolescents' vulnerability to crime victimization or perpetration was assessed via a questionnaire concerning their expectations/concerns about the future; perceptions of peer pressure; and experiences regarding crime, substance abuse, and sex. The 95 subjects were at higher risk of involvement than 102 achieving classmates, and…

The construct and predictive validities of the Perceptual Ability Test (PAT) were examined. The results indicate that each of the subtests exhibits different predictive validity. A linear combination of PAT subtest scores was found to be more predictive of first-year dental school technique performance than the total PAT score. (Author/MLW)

Standardized tests have been introduced to promote more uniform measurements of cognitive abilities and science achievement. With faculty redirecting their efforts to conform to the design and content of standardized tests, tests like the National Board of Medical Examiners examinations, have begun to direct the content of medical education. (MLW)

Language abilities from age 2-5 were studied in 4 children with early language delays. Deficits became milder and more selective, with normal or nearly normal speech/language proficiency by age 60 months. But at 3-year follow up, 3 of the 4 cases were severely reading disabled. (Author/JDD)

The article describes the development of a visual assessment and training program designed to predict initial and final low-vision mobility performance. The program's tasks were determined to be better predictors of visual performance than existing clinical measures, and task learning could be transferred to real-life mobility situations.…

Presents a critical analysis of reports and empirical literature on the quality of candidates in teacher education programs, and describes the results of a nation-wide survey of basic skills competencies required of such candidates. (BJV)

Investigates the extent to which thinking skills and mathematical competency would predict the course performance of freshman and sophomore science majors enrolled in physics courses. Finds that algebra ability and critical thinking skills were the best predictors. (Author/YP)

Findings of a study of 32 infants attending a neonatal intensive care unit follow-up clinic included mechanically ventilated infants were more irritable than nonventilated infants; infants from lower income families were fussier than infants from higher income families; 5-minute Apgar scores were more predictive of infants' success on a visual…

Analyzed predictors of end-of-treatment (4 months) smoking cessation and subsequent relapse at 12 and 24 months among 3,923 participants enrolled in a 12-week cognitive-behavioral group smoking-cessation program. Men were more likely than women to quit smoking initially, but relapse rates were similar for both genders. Clinical implications are…