From the perspective of a reading consultant, the processes of thinking and reading apply to efficient learning. Language teachers should know: (1) the difference between surface structure and deep meaning of an utterance, (2) the importance of "affect" on learning: the reader's personal involvement with the material and with its presentation,…

A major problem in learning a second language is the interference of a structurally different native language. Contrastive analysis (CA) combined with learner error analysis (EA) provide an excellent basis for preparation of language instructional materials. The Yugoslav Serbo-Croatian-English Contrastive Project proved that full application of CA…

This volume contains papers presented at the Kittamaqundi Conference on the Uncommonly-Taught Languages, in Columbia, Maryland, September 29-October 2, 1974. The volume has two main sections. The first contains papers dealing with conceptual issues of developing materials for uncommonly-taught languages, without extended reference to any specific…

Three methods for second language data collection are compared: free composition, picture description and translation. The comparison is based on percentage of errors in a grammatical category and in a source category. Most results obtained from the free compositions and picture descriptions tended to be similar. Greater variation was found for…

This study focuses on a native speaker of Chinese, in her 40's, who began to learn English in her late 20's when she emigrated to the United States. It was discovered that the subject was able to self-correct nearly every error she made in casual speech when the errors were pointed out to her after their commission. Furthermore, in nearly every…

This collection is prefaced by a discussion of the Ceylon seminar from which the papers included here derived. The papers are grouped into 12 chapters: (1) "The Humanistic Aspect of the Teaching of Modern Languages," (2) "The Teaching of Modern Languages as a Key to the Understanding of Other Civilizations and Peoples," (3) "The Methodology of…

The errors of 187 bilingual students, aged 10 years, 11 months to 19 years, 8 months were analyzed as they studied English as a third language. Errors were categorized with two major learning strategies in mind: transfer and overgeneralization. Types of errors were related to degree of bilingualism, English proficiency level and age of the…

This report includes four papers presented at the fourth annual Conference on Compansatory/Remedial Education held by the Community College Development Center in 1976. Georgette Ioup reviews current issues in second language learning research and discusses their implications for the ESL (English as a Second Language) classroom. David Harrison…

This is the complete report of the Schools Council Research and Development Project on Attitudes to and Motivation for the Learning of Welsh and English in Wales, based at the Department of Education, University College of Swansea. The project began in October 1967 and was completed in August 1971. Its chief aims were the following: (1) to…

The main goal of this course of study is for the student to understand, recognize, and interpret the many changes which occurred in the poetry and prose of Spain at the advent of Romanticism. The student also studies the movements that followed Romanticism: Realism, Regionalism, and Naturalism. Performance objectives, suggested materials, learning…

This manual contains some of the history of the project "Initial Reading in Spanish for Bilingual Children," undertaken by the U.S. Office of Education in the spring of 1970. The objective of the project was to gather detailed information and to produce a descriptive analysis of the methodologies employed by teachers in the teaching of initial…

This basic Greek text contains 12 lessons, each consisting of a culturally-oriented dialogue, a vocabulary list, pattern drills and oral exercises, a short narrative, and a grammar explanation. The text is designed for use with a set of correlated tapes in an intensive program of about 100 to 120 hours. The listening and speaking skills are…

The purpose of this study was to obtain quantitative nonevaluative data about verbal behavior used by instructor and students in the foreign language classroom. Two beginner and two intermediate German classes were tape-recorded for two weeks, then coded according to patterns. Frequencies of various verbal behavior patterns were analyzed. A…

This is the first volume in a continuing series of working papers on English as a second language. The selections in this volume are divided into two groups. The first is a series of three papers given at the annual meeting of the National Association of Foreign Student Affairs held in Chicago in April 1966. These papers, by P. Schnachter, R.…

In the first part of this paper several theories on the subject of communicative competence are examined. Part 2 is devoted to a discussion of how a teacher can test for communicative competence, and the practicality of this type of testing, in terms of class time, equipment required and objective grading, is emphasized. Part 3 summarizes a number…