Valid measures of achievement need must consider both specific discipline and motivational factors within each discipline. Four factors influence a student's achievement need: self-concept of ability, attitudes toward teachers, teacher expectations, and future value of courses. (CP)

It is concluded, among other things, that although GIFT criterion related validity is modest, it predicts creativity about as well as other more complicated instruments, and its reliability is much better than teacher ratings or nominations; and that it also appears to have international and cross cultural face validity. (DLS)

A method of statistically analyzing clinical performance examinations for reliability and the application of this method in determining the reliability of two examinations of skill in administering anesthesia are described. Videotaped performances for the Spinal Anesthesia Skill Examination and the Anesthesia Setup and Machine Checkout Examination…

Ratings of student performance for two essay questions rendered by professors of English and by professors in other disciplines were compared for reliability and concurrent validity. It was concluded that the reliability and validity of the ratings of the two groups were nearly comparable. (Author/BW)

A 34-item scale entitled Statistics Attitude Survey (SAS) was developed and administered to three samples of students taking a beginning statistics course. Analyses showed that the scale was highly homogeneous and that total scale scores had moderate correlations with statistics grades. (Author)

The Screening Test of Academic Readiness (STAR) was administered to three samples of kindergarten pupils. A series of factor analyses was performed to determine whether the STAR could be used for individualized diagnosis and remediation. Results showed that two oblique factors emerged which had limited meaning. (Author/BW)

Supports arguments against general use of change scores and recommends the Lord/McNemar estimates of true change. Provides a numerical example illustrating the reliability problem and the problem of the prediction of true change from various linear composites of initial and final measures. (Author)

The data indicate the appropriateness of using the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory with adolescents and young adults. Test-retest correlations were substantial. A large percentage of adolescents and young adults have stable interest patterns throughout their educational careers. Stability of measured interests is not universal. (Author)

Evaluations of the same 64 teachers by graded students in college agreed with evaluations by ungraded students. This agreement suggests that teacher evaluations were not simply a response to grades, although they were positively associated with them, both within and across teachers. (Author/CP)

Adapting curricula to the cognitive developmental level of students has been hindered by the difficulty of assessing those levels in students. The reliability and validity of a paper-and-pencil Piagetian assessment are discussed. (Author/ JKS)

A technique to measure maternal teaching strategies was developed for possible use in research and evaluation studies. Scores derived from the technique describe quality and quanitity of behaviors used by mothers to teach cognitive-perceptual tasks to their own young children. Reliability and validity data are presented. (Author/JKS)

Single administration (beta-binomial) estimates for the raw agreement index p and the corrected-for-chance kappa index in mastery testing are compared with those based on two test administrations in terms of estimation bias and sampling variability. Bias is about 2.5 percent for p and 10 percent for kappa. (Author/RL)

Compared Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 and coefficient alpha (by blocks) reliability estimates for a reading comprehension test. On the average, K-R 20 exceeded coefficient alpha by about .05; that is, K-R 20 exaggerated the internal consistency of the test as would be expected from theory. Implications for counseling interpretations are discussed.…

Shows that the Test Anxiety Scale (TAS) is a reliable and valid instrument for separating test anxious readers in a population of students. Offers suggestions for reducing reading anxiety. Includes the 16-item TAS measure. (FL)

The design and development of the Consumer Health Products Inventory are discussed. The instrument produces a valid and reliable behavioral inventory to assess self-reported use of selected consumer health products. (JMF)