Item-test correlations are compared to item test-retest correlations as measures for selecting items in test construction. The author concludes that the item test-retest method is superior for item analysis which aims at getting shorter tests while maintaining test stability. (Author/JKS)

This article discusses the development, field test, and uses of the counseling-orientation scale (COS), a scale for assessing relative preferences for seven major counseling orientations. Procedures used to develop and validate it are presented. The COS field test, reliability, and normative data are described. (Author)

The theoretical issue was whether a general motivation towards effectiveness or competence could be observed in the free activity of pre-school children. Implications of the concept of effectiveness-motivation were discussed. (Author/RK)

The appropriateness of raw score reports of human traits is questioned, especially in light of the support provided for Holland's theory by normed scores and the stereotypic career options suggested to males and females by raw scores. (Author)

Achievement motivation was successfully measured among male and female college students by having the students rate eight Thematic Apperception Test cards for similarity and scaling the results in two dimensions: number of persons and degree of strong affect. The Rorschach Inkblot Test was not effective in determining need for achievement. (CTM)

The Tactile Test of Basic Concepts (TTBC), a tactile analog to the Boehm Test of Basic Concepts (BTBC), was field tested with 75 blind students (kindergarten to grade 2) and the scores compared with those of sighted Ss used in the standardization sample for the BTBC. (Author/IM)

Explains and provides examples of test validity and reliability. (SL)

Reliability estimates support the use of teacher evaluation forms, while validity coefficients do not, thus indicating that the use of responses to teacher evaluation forms in making decisions is ill-advised. (MB)

The author responds to W. Arndt's and M. Byrne's criticisms of the Northwestern Syntax Screening Test (NSST), a test for assessing receptive and expressive grammar in young children. (SBH)

To determine the validity of the Imitation of Gestures Technique as a measure of visual motor functioning, the performance of 295 preschoolers on the test was correlated with age and scores from the Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration. (Author/CL)

Described is the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, a measure for evaluating the infant's motor, emotional, social, and cognitive development by providing typical interactive situations. (SBH)

Suggests some practical testing skills needed by the classroom teacher. (Author/RK)

When teachers' ratings of first- through tenth-graders (N=160) on the Gifted Student Screening Scale (GSSS) were compared with students' scores on various intelligence tests, the GSSS identified 35 of 37 previously-identified cognitively-gifted students, with 59 students (not previously identified as gifted) identified for further screening for…

Criticizes the standard tests for listening comprehension because the material heard is often of poor quality and only about 20 percent of the questions actually test listening skills. Describes a self-made listening comprehension on Ibsen's "A Doll's House." (SRT)