This report discusses in detail the research and development (R&D) elements of the Reagan Administration's budget for Fiscal Year (FY) 1985. Following an introduction (chapter I), chapter II presents an overview of R&D funding in the President's FY 1985 budget. The chapter begins by describing overall R&D spending in terms of the major catagories…

The question of how women are faring under the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) has received little attention. Of particular concern is whether, and how successfully, JTPA is reaching and serving those sub-groups of women in poverty, such as displaced homemakers and AFDC (welfare) mothers, who face particularly difficult barriers to employment…

Federal appropriations during 1981-1985 for student financial aid are reviewed, along with the effect of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981. The effective cut in need-based federal student aid for funding year (FY) 1981 totalled $600 million ($500 million Pell Grants, $100 million National Direct Student Loans). The Omnibus Budget…

With the number of persons eligible to attend college under the GI Bill on the decline, the volume of Veterans Administration (VA) regulations and reporting requirements is increasing. A survey was conducted to determine the problems that colleges were experiencing with VA certification requirements as a background for discussion of solutions of…

The National Science Foundation Division of Science Resources Studies (SRS) has a legislatively mandated responsibility for the collection, compilation, and analyses of information related to science and technology, inputs, outputs, and impact. This constitutes a broad charter requiring diverse activities. The products of these activities are of…

An examination was made of Federal program statistics on vocational education during the past 10 years by the Bureau of Occupational and Adult Education of the U. S. Office of Education and the National Center for Education Statistics of the U. S. Department of Education. The study found that despite a mandate for reform, the National Center's…

Federal initiatives should be undertaken to reduce long-term structural unemployment in the United States. Long-term structural unemployment has risen during the 1970s and 1980s but is still primarily a problem of disadvantaged workers, not dislocated ones. The impact of technological change on occupations is felt mainly by the employed who are…

As part of research on 48 programs funded through the Youth Employment and Demonstration Projects Act (YEDPA) of 1977, this study addresses two issues behind the creation of viable work experience programs: design and implementation. The purpose of the study is to help those responsible for organizing youth employment programs to identify points…

A study of the implementation of six major federal education policies in four urban school districts (Baltimore, Maryland; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; San Diego, California; and Dade County, Florida) generally supported a new theory of federalism. Research data were drawn from statistical reports and from interviews with over 150 persons at local,…

As of October 15, 1983, Army Regulation 608-10 has prescribed policies, procedures, and standards for establishing and operating Child Development Services (CDS), formerly Child Support Services, at Army installations. The regulation applies to all activities, contractors, individuals, and private organizations providing child care services for…

Policymakers are considering ways of providing more opportunities for students and their parents to exercise choice in public education. This report provides background information on current public school choice programs and proposals, and an analysis of selected issues related to this topic. The first part of the paper presents background…

Since its passage, the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) has provided nearly $10 billion to state and local agencies to provide job training to unskilled and economically disadvantaged individuals who need training to obtain employment. The General Accounting Office (GAO) studied hard-to-serve JTPA participants and compared the services they…

Large percentages of preschool children in Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia live in poverty and receive no benefits from society's "safety nets." County estimates for unemployment and per capita income (1985-1987) indicate that economic conditions are most severe in central West Virginia, eastern Kentucky,…

This document reports on the third of a series of hearings on the reauthorization of expiring federal elementary and secondary education programs. Four school administrators gave testimony regarding the block grant programs funded under the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act, Chapter 2. Testimony suggested the following: (1) the proposed…

Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) programs and vocational education programs in seven states (California, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Montana, North Carolina, and Wisconsin) were studied to find out to what degree the programs were cooperating and how much they were duplicating each other's services. The researchers found little evidence of…