This paper examines two fundamental and related issues in the preparation of educational administrators in developing nations, and particularly in the Commonwealth Caribbean. These two issues are educational administration's relationship to regional development and its relationship to the unequal distribution of power. The first section of the…

A study of 188 superintendents and 379 school board members in districts with student enrollments above 25,000 sheds light on several factors affecting the working relationships between superintendents and their local boards. Board members tended to follow personal judgment rather than constituent preferences when making decisions, and received…

Sexual harassment of Penn State students by school employees was studied in 1982. The research focused on harassment by employees who had power over the student or who were in a position to affect the student's educational experience. A random sample of 515 full-time female students was asked whether university employees had ever: stared at or…

With the rise of absolutism and determinism, conformity--the conformity generated by bureaucratized social institutions, entrenched economic and political interests, monopolized sources of information, and moral majoritarianism--has begun to pose a major threat to democratic community in America. This paper focuses on the conceptual relationships…

The Federal Republic of Germany has begun an experiment in industrial democracy giving workers federally guaranteed rights and authority in industrial decision making. All workers in companies with five or more employees are entitled to elect a works council with which management must consult concerning all employment policies and conditions. All…

Organizational systematics were applied to a classification scheme for postsecondary institutions using a combined phyletic-phenetic approach. Nine characteristics of organizational structure were operationalized for the college setting: institutional autonomy, centralized decision making, functional specialization, effective participation,…

A survey was conducted of 102 active quality circle members drawn from five organizations to determine how quality circle participation affected communication, as perceived by members themselves. The survey consisted of two parts. The first part contained ten open-ended questions inquiring about the respondent's personal experience in quality…

The research described in this paper concerns nurses' alleged use of an indirect communication style, "The Doctor-Nurse Game," to influence physicians to change an order believed to be inappropriate for the patient. The paper is organized to (1) point out the parallels of the inappropriate order situation with a larger class of…

J. Hage and F. Hull (1981) developed a typology of organizations based on two major dimensions--scale and complexity. The typology delineates four types of organizations: Type 1, "traditional" organizations, typically small-scale structures with low complexity; Type 2, "mechanical" organizations that are large scale, low complexity structures…

A theoretical framework for the process of faculty renewal in the 1980s was proposed, based on examination of the role of department heads as in-house agents of change for staff development. Support for the theory was sought using three empirical statements to test the relationship of department heads' manipulative orientation and social insight…

Although self-reports from individual family members regarding their relationship patterns have been used to assess dysfunctional family processes, researchers often rely upon one family member as the source of such information. A study was undertaken to examine the relationship between mothers', fathers', adolescents', and observers' ratings of…

Alexis de Tocqueville's concept of the "tyranny of the majority" can benefit social justice pedagogies owing to its capacity to illuminate the silent, invisible character of hegemonic power. As many critical pedagogues have pointed out, this silent and invisible power seeps not only into the public spaces of education, but also into the…

A critical policy need in higher education is for sustaining institutional connections between work careers and professional education at all levels at every stage of the life cycle. (Author/KM)

Professionals in the field of social work are becoming increasingly aware of ethnic factors in their work and of the particular problems and requirements of ethnic minority clients. This book was written for students and practitioners who want to prepare for effective social work practice with black clients. The concept of "empowerment" is…

Alternative organizations such as food co-ops and free schools are committed to working in an egalitarian, participatory-democratic fashion. Like bureaucratic organizations, however, they encounter various problems of power. The author analyzes these problems, based mainly on his experience as director of a free school. Among the dilemmas…