Purpose: A large body of literature showed that word reading and listening comprehension-two proximal predictors of reading comprehension according to the simple view of reading -- are related. Grounded on the direct and indirect effects model of reading, we examined the extent to which the relation is explained by domain-general cognitions or…

Teaching practices that are aligned with how students learn improve educational outcomes for all students. Empirical evidence gained over recent decades has provided important new insights about the learning process common to students across learning contexts. These processes explain why some teaching practices are more effective than others. In…

School-based anxiety interventions reduce anxiety and related impairment, but little is known about whether they improve academic outcomes, especially when delivered by non-mental health specialists. This study examined the impact of two brief, school nurse-delivered anxiety interventions on working memory, school functioning, and school…

Working memory (WM) may be an essential component of incidental vocabulary learning and retention from captioned videos. However, how WM affects young learners' incidental vocabulary learning under different types of captions remains unclear. The present study employs a between-subject research design. The main purpose is to examine how two types…

Education leaders need valid metrics to predict students' long-term success. We use a unique data set with cognitive skills, self-regulation, behavior, course performance, and test scores for eighth-grade students from a Northeast school district. We link these data to students' high school outcomes, college enrollment, persistence, and on-time…

This study investigated the effectiveness of a Virtual Reality (VR) intervention with integrated Electroencephalography (EEG) biofeedback (VR-EEG) in enhancing English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learner proficiency compared to a traditional classroom setting. Learners (N = 60) were randomly assigned to either the VR-EEG group or the traditional…

This study investigates how teachers' use of humour in online English for Specific Purposes (ESP) classrooms shapes students' affective engagement, learning retention, and motivational responses, framing humour as both a pedagogical asset and a potential barrier. Guided by the Instructional Humour Processing Theory (IHPT), the research explores…

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to draw reader's attention to the author-space relationship in order to fulfill the theoretical deficiency in terms of space-psychoanalysis in the light of qualitative data. Methods: Qualitative data analysis has been thought to be the best way to deal with the space-psychoanalysis relationship through…

Recent second language (L2) reading studies have examined how characteristics of an individual learner and word-specific linguistic properties jointly predict successful L2 word-meaning inference, i.e., a learner's ability to guess the meaning of an unknown word. Semantic transparency is one such word-specific property. Each constituent morpheme…

Cognitive control develops rapidly over the first decade of life, with one of the dominant changes being a transition from reliance on 'as-needed' control (reactive control) to a more planful, sustained form of control (proactive control). Although the emergence of proactive control is important for mature behavior, we know little about how this…

To evaluate the validity of the Pregnancy Physical Activity (PA) Questionnaire (PPAQ) for long-term PA recall. Forty-eight women completed the PPAQ at 21, 32 weeks gestation, and 12 weeks postpartum. These women were emailed three separate PPAQs between two months and eight years after originally completing the questionnaires to recall their PA…

Individuals should "strategically" shift decision criteria when there are disproportionate likelihoods or consequences for falsely identifying versus missing target items. Despite being explicitly aware of the advantages for criterion shifting, people on "average" do not shift extremely, leading many theories to conclude that…

We wanted to understand whether short-term learning could occur during Extension presentations and used an immediate feedback tool to find out. Applying the immediate feedback tool, we asked multiple-choice questions prior to delivering a presentation and repeated them at the end to assess how well the information was delivered to and received by…

Recurring forms of abuse like domestic violence are unfortunately common. When an individual makes an allegation about their experience, however, there is rarely additional evidence to corroborate their claim. The veracity of the allegation is thus likely to be a central concern in subsequent proceedings. This experiment explored evaluator's…

Increasingly, investigators conduct interviews with eyewitnesses from different cultures. The culture in which people have been socialised can impact the way they encode, remember, and report information about their experiences. We examined whether eyewitness memory reports of mock witnesses from collectivistic (sub-Saharan Africa) and…