An investigator's method of selecting schizophrenic and control subjects for comparison can assure either a difference or a lack of difference between groups on almost any kind of task that requires a voluntary response. Discusses how researchers should select subjects and the inferences that may reasonably be drawn from studies of schizophrenic…

This article briefly summarizes educational techniques used in America and what can be done to best implement them. (JD)

Caregiver-infant transactions with 51 premature infants were studied in naturalistic observations in the home when the infants were aged 1, 3, and 8 months. Gesell developmental schedules and a sensorimotor scale were administered at 9 months. (Author/JH)

An overt rehearsal procedure was used to investigate the relationship between children's rehearsal strategies and free recall performance. Subjects were 72 third- and 72 sixth-grade children. Investigated were the effects of increased processing time and rehearsal training upon recall. (MS)

A total of 12 second- and fifth-graders' semantic decision times for pictures and words were analyzed relative to the predictions derived from unitary- and dual-memory models. (MS)

An investigation was made of the structure of riddles, riddle content, and the function of riddling among children ages 5 to 14. Interaction data and 1195 items were taped and hand-recorded during riddle sessions with 101 children from kindergarten, second, fourth, fifth, seventh, and eighth grades. (MS)

Foreign language study is important not only as a tool or a requisite for a job, but as mental discipline, to shape minds and exercise the intellect for all types of academic and career endeavors. (CHK)

Reviews Piaget's theory of cognitive development and discusses how science concepts can be taught to secondary school students at different cognitive levels. (MLH)

The first part of this report consists of more than 12 studies of various psychological tests results which previous cross-cultural research had shown to vary with educational experience. The second part consists of a demographic survey designed to specify the selective factors operating to determine the amount of education obtained by Yucatan…

Students (N=35) in a graduate rehabilitation counseling curriculum who opted to take a program in altered awareness and subjective states of experience described themselves initially as more tentative, impulsive, and imaginative on the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire than another group of students (N=35) who elected not to participate.…

Examined whether prudence and altruism, in situations involving future desires, follow similar developmental courses between ages 3 and 5. Tested children on ability to forego current opportunity in order to gratify their own future desires or those of research assistant. Found that between ages 3 and 4, children develop some common mechanism…

Argues for a developmental account of social information-gathering ability, one that is consistent with the larger body of evidence concerning sociocognitive abilities in infants and young children. Notes that little is known concerning when and how young children acquire this important skill. (MDM)

Three experiments examined preschoolers' and adults' understanding of distinctive semantic functions of adjectives and count nouns. Found that 4-year olds and adults, but not 3-year olds, who heard the adjective version (e.g., "a blue bird") were more likely than those who heard the count noun version ("a bluebird") to choose…

Three studies used illustrated stories to examine preschoolers' understanding of emotional changes when memories of past events were cued by objects in the current environment. Found substantial development between 4 and 6 years in understanding the influence of mental activity on emotions. The strength and consistency of this knowledge was…