Presents a theory of self-knowledge, a method of measuring it, research identifying four stages in its development, and strategies for increasing self-knowledge through education and counseling. (Author)

Examines development of processing speed in three backward masking studies, where presentation of second stimulus figure (mask) within a critical time interval from arrival of first figure (target) interrupts processing of first. Results indicate that processing time increases until early adolescence; changes are less marked after 13 years of age.…

Reviews two studies of the relationship between gender loading in languages and the perception of gender by speakers of those languages; the two studies reach contradictory conclusions. Examines a number of theoretical and methodological issues in linguistic relativity research and suggests avenues for further research. (SED)

After examining some elementary notions of action theory and cybernetics, this article analyzes the dynamics, clustering, and survival chances of vicious circles. It argues that the action perspective implies that many structural suboptimalities of organizations are caused by vicious circles. Eleven figures and 105 references are provided. (DCS)

Significant visual and visual-perceptual problems must be identified in the early school years to save unnecessary stress, frustration, and anxiety. Classroom diagnosis using formal and informal measures can lead to referral to developmental or functional optometrists. (CL)

Examined the relationship of depressed mood to role problems and self-concept in married women using a causal model based on path analysis. Wives' perceptions of husbands' evaluations directly affected their depressed mood and mediated the effect of role disagreement on depressed mood. (MCF)

Surveyed counselors (N=131) and parents (N=819) to compare their perceptions of counselor function and role. Used American School Counselor Association scales and compared counselors and parents to locate subscales common to both. Results showed four common subscales and differences between groups' perceptions of high priority functions for…

Responses to sound were observed in two groups of children (one developmentally normal, the other older but profoundly multihandicapped). Results showed no significant differences between groups. In both groups, however, responsiveness was dependent on hearing level and bandwidth but not on meaningfulness. Results support the practice of…

The study reports the result of a survey of 142 staff of community-based programs serving mentally retarded adults. All five organizational variables (Stress, Burnout, Needs Deficiencies, Role Conflict, and Role Ambiguity) were evident in each of the eight programs and were significantly interrelated in over two-thirds of them. (Author/CL)

Discusses a public library film literacy program offered to adolescents and young adults which incorporates films that are not curriculum-oriented and center around specific themes such as self-identity, creativity, speculations, and lifestyles. Seven films selected for program on social issues and viewers' evaluations are highlighted.…

Describes an all-day conciousness raising program designed to teach elementary school students about the disabled. The program described consisted of oral presentations and a theater performance by disabled individuals; it was presented to 270 students at Mary A. Hubbard School in Ramsey, New Jersey. (GC)

A case study describes audiologic test results from a child considered dysynchronous (out of phase with environments of home, school, or peers) whose problems were exacerbated by middle ear infection. Auditory perceptual/processing problems were uncovered. (Author/CL)

Fifty-five poor readers and 58 normal readers in grade six were presented a modified version of B. Hamill's tone pattern-phrase matching procedure. Consistent with Hamill's adults, Ss tended to choose phrases which matched long tone durations to content words and short durations to function words. (Author/CL)

Describes a model for behavioral change which synthesizes behavioral awareness with empirically identified target behaviors. Stages of the model are presented and cautions for implementation are given. Suggests the model can help students gain an understanding of the consequences of behavioral problems. (BL)

Researched the possibility that four- to six-year-old children are competent and systematic classifiers, at least making classifications by overall similarity. In three experiments, young children classified various sets of multidimensional stimuli that could be organized into catagories by overall similarity or by diminsional attributes. Children…