Career development programs can benefit from knowledge of the needs and characteristics of their participants. To investigate whether certain types of individuals seek career development assistance more often than others, 279 self-selected white collar employees of a large, federal biomedical research company completed the Myers Briggs Type…

While data on the onset of cigarette smoking among younger adolescents has been investigated extensively, it is less clear whether the same social factors influence older adolescents. To examine these social factors, as well as the influence of personality and beliefs, 1,977 high school participants in an anti-smoking study completed a…

As part of an ongoing effort to understand the nature of student performance and persistence at Southwestern College (SC), a study was conducted in fall 1976 to determine the effect of reading ability on student course performance. An analysis of the Nelson-Denny Reading Test (NDRT) scores of 4,610 students revealed that, on an average, students…

Sixty-one children, originally identified at the beginning of kindergarten on the basis of four distinct clusters of observable classroom behavior, were evaluated at completion of first grade. Children in the nonrisk cluster continued to do well, while children in the high-risk cluster were still doing poorly in some areas. (Author)

First stages in a longitudinal study evaluating the behavioral science curriculum at New York Medical College revealed (1) no relationship between the number of behavioral science courses taken in college and performance in medical school behavioral science courses, and (2) better class performance when material on disordered behavior was…

Multiple linear discriminant function analyses were performed using academic, performance, and personality variables to discriminate among groups of transfers, persisters, and dropouts two years after college matriculation. Analysis of all variables combined added no predictive power beyond that by either subset alone. The results held up on…

The article relates the results of an attempt to use cumulative junior high records to help high school students in their vocational decision-making. (HMV)

This study is a presentation of findings which indicate the relationship between performance scores on the Remedial Developmental Studies (RDS) mathematics curriculum and grades in a specific college level course in College Algebra for students enrolled at Tennessee Technological University. Results indicated that students who had completed the…

When smoking decisions are understood in terms of the beliefs and attitudes which determine them, prevention programs can focus on changing these beliefs and attitudes. A study was conducted to measure students' attitudes and beliefs on the short-term health effects of smoking, on the social consequences of smoking, and on specific identities…

Results of a study of physically abused elementary school children in the four urban boroughs of New York City are reported. The study recruited 106 families with a physically abused child between the ages of 8 and 12 years. A matched control sample was recruited from classmates. The abuse sample was highly representative of the New York City…

The relation between compliance with child care regulations and the quality of day care programs is discussed, and predictors of child care compliance are identified. Substantial compliance (90-97 percent, but not a full 100 percent compliance with state day care regulations) positively affects children. Low compliance (below 85 percent…

The purpose of these studies was to develop and test versions of a psychosocial theoretical model that would have implications for the development of adolescent alcohol misuse prevention strategies. In the first study which was part of a test of a school-based refusal skills prevention program, the theoretical model consisted of the latent…

Explored with a causal modeling approach were relationships among (1) student socioeconomic status (SES), (2) students', teachers', and principals' expectations for and attributed responsibility for students' learning, and (3) students' achievement. Participants were 76 principals, 250 teachers, and 5,289 third-grade students included in a sample…

Previous research had concluded that a female's relationship with her father was of singular importance in regard to her suicidal risk. This study was designed to test this assumption, and it was hypothesized that the relationship that an adolescent or young adult female had with her mother would be of equal importance in predicting risk for a…

Although mothers have been entering the labor force in increasing numbers, little is known about the characteristics of those who hold varying attitudes toward maternal employment. A study was conducted to identify demographic predictors of attitudes toward working mothers. The Attitudes Toward Working Mothers Scale and a biographical…